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Blackwater Fever

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A complication of MALARIA, FALCIPARUM characterized by the passage of dark red to black urine.

Also Known As:

Black Water Fever; Black Water Fevers; Blackwater Fevers; Fever, Black Water; Fever, Blackwater; Fevers, Black Water; Fevers, Blackwater; Hemolytic Malaria; Hemolytic Malarias; Malarias, Hemolytic; Malaria, Hemolytic

Networked: 44 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 0 trials/studies)

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Disease Context: Research Results

Parasitic Diseases: 854
- Protozoan Infections: 149
  - Malaria: 22273
    - Falciparum Malaria: 3841
      - Blackwater Fever: 44

Related Diseases

1.	Malaria
2.	Hemolysis
3.	Acute Kidney Injury (Acute Renal Failure)
4.	Renal Insufficiency (Renal Failure)
5.	Thrombocytopenia (Thrombopenia)

Experts

1.	Bruneel, F: 3 articles (05/2003 - 04/2001)
2.	Gachot, B: 2 articles (09/2002 - 04/2001)
3.	Wolff, M: 2 articles (09/2002 - 04/2001)
4.	Vachon, F: 2 articles (09/2002 - 04/2001)
5.	Danis, M: 2 articles (09/2002 - 04/2001)
6.	Thay, Khengheng: 1 article (01/2014)
7.	Bun, Rathvichet: 1 article (01/2014)
8.	Ittiverakul, Mali: 1 article (01/2014)
9.	Saunders, David L: 1 article (01/2014)
10.	Bozza, Marcelo T: 1 article (01/2014)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Blackwater Fever:

1.	Quinine (Quinson)FDA Link 01/01/2013 - "Taken in context, these data suggest a CYP-mediated link between quinine metabolism and the poorly understood haemolytic condition known as blackwater fever, often associated with quinine ingestion." 01/01/2013 - "CYP450 phenotyping and metabolite identification of quinine by accurate mass UPLC-MS analysis: a possible metabolic link to blackwater fever." 12/01/2009 - "The only serious adverse event was seen in a patient in the quinine group who developed fatal black water fever. " 01/01/2004 - "We reported 41 cases from 1996 to 2000, among which 80% of blackwater fever cases were associated with quinine ingestion or similar structural molecules. " 01/01/2000 - "Although the underlying mechanism of blackwater fever remains unclear, a likely explanation is an immunoallergic reaction to quinine. "
2.	artemether FDA Link 12/01/2001 - "Blackwater fever treated with artemether." 12/01/2001 - "We present a case of blackwater fever, having occurred after administration of quinine, which was treated successfully with artemether." 12/01/2010 - "A second haemolytic crisis of blackwater fever (BWF) following a combination of artemether-lumefantrine intake, in an 8-year-old Congolese boy is reported. " 12/01/2010 - "[Haemolytic crisis of blackwater fever following artemether-lumefantrine intake]." 03/01/1987 - "A case of black water fever treated with peritoneal dialysis and artemether (quinghaosu derivative)."
3.	Mefloquine (Lariam)FDA LinkGeneric 01/23/1993 - "[Blackwater fever after ingestion of mefloquine. " 04/01/1999 - "Blackwater fever occurred in three patients treated with mefloquine plus artesunate regimens. " 01/01/2000 - "Newer antimalarials including aminoalchohol mefloquine, and halofantrine have also been implicated in Blackwater fever. "
4.	Chloroquine (Aralen)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1954 - "A fatal case of blackwater fever associated with ingestion of nivaquine." 09/07/2002 - "Well known at the start of the 20th century, blackwater fever has become exceptional since 1950, when quinine was replaced by chloroquine. " 06/01/1963 - "BLACKWATER FEVER AFTER THE USE OF CHLOROQUINE-PYRIMETHAMINE."
5.	Proguanil (Paludrine)FDA Link 03/14/1953 - "Proguanil and blackwater fever." 05/19/1951 - "Blackwater fever apparently precipitated by proguanil." 02/19/1949 - "Proguanil and blackwater fever."
6.	Antimalarials (Antimalarial Agents)IBA 01/01/2004 - "Intravascular haemolysis, particularly blackwater fever is a rare but severe clinical syndrome, occurring after ingestion of antimalarials. " 08/01/1998 - "Recurrence of blackwater fever: triggering of relapses by different antimalarials." 01/01/2000 - "Newer antimalarials including aminoalchohol mefloquine, and halofantrine have also been implicated in Blackwater fever. "
7.	Quinacrine (Mepacrine)IBA 12/01/1946 - "A case of blackwater fever during mepacrine therapy." 12/01/1950 - "The correlation between blackwater fever, malaria, quinine and atebrin."
8.	CortisoneIBA 01/01/1954 - "[Blackwater fever; attempt at cortisone therapy]." 04/11/1953 - "Blackwater fever treated with cortisone."
9.	lumefantrine FDA Link 12/01/2010 - "A second haemolytic crisis of blackwater fever (BWF) following a combination of artemether-lumefantrine intake, in an 8-year-old Congolese boy is reported. " 12/01/2010 - "[Haemolytic crisis of blackwater fever following artemether-lumefantrine intake]." 07/01/2003 - "Such a complication has previously been observed in patients receiving drugs containing aryl-amino-alcohols but never before in a patient receiving lumefantrine and may be associated with the increase in episodes of blackwater fever seen in recent years."
10.	halofantrine (Halfan)FDA Link 05/18/1996 - "Blackwater fever after halofantrine." 01/01/2000 - "Newer antimalarials including aminoalchohol mefloquine, and halofantrine have also been implicated in Blackwater fever. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Splenectomy 08/01/1982 - "Splenectomy and blackwater fever."
2.	Peritoneal Dialysis 03/01/1987 - "A case of black water fever treated with peritoneal dialysis and artemether (quinghaosu derivative)."
3.	Artificial Kidney 05/19/1962 - "The artificial kidney in malaria and blackwater fever."