Bites and Stings (Sting)

06/01/1981 - "Clinical studies suggested that venom-antibody titres too low to be detected by ELISA may be boosted with further bites; and more importantly, homologous venom-antibody may afford significant protection against further envenoming. "
08/01/1999 - "Venom antigenemia disappeared within 1 hr of antivenom treatment but recurred, probably as a result of continued absorption of venom from the site of the bite, after the rapid clearance of therapeutic antibody. "
05/01/1992 - "The mainstay of treatment for poisonous bites is the intravenous administration of the appropriate antivenin to neutralize the effects of the venom."
06/13/2014 - "brevicaudus bites, and the design of venom mixtures that will increase the efficacy of commercial antivenom. "
05/01/1995 - "A prospective study of the efficacy of applying local pressure by compression pads in retarding spread of venom was carried out on 15 cases of bite by Russell's viper (Daboia russelii siamensis) in Myanmar. "

09/01/2009 - "However, DEET-impregnated fabric strips at a concentration of 1.5 mg/cm(2) provided 4 h complete protection against mosquito bites and the reduction of man-landing rate varied between 51.21 and 100%. "
09/01/2009 - "The DEET-impregnated anklets, wristbands, shoulder and pocket fabric strips at a concentration of 2 mg/cm(2) provided 5 h complete protection against mosquitoes bites and the reduction of man-landing rate varied between 65.85 and 100%. "
02/01/2009 - "Thus, it can be concluded that while G10 and Insect Block 28 exhibited similarly powerful repellent activities with complete (100%) protection, 25% DEET was effective in minimizing bites with 99.68% protection. "
04/01/2011 - "There was no statistically significant differences in per cent protection against mosquito bites between Advanced Odomos and DEET cream (P>0.05) in respective doses. "
12/01/2010 - "This mosquito activation allowed the measurement of a significant reduction in the number of landings to bite on the warm body with increasing doses of deet (0.4 to 3.8 microg/cm2). "

07/01/2011 - "This study provides preliminary evidence that long-lasting permethrin-impregnated clothing may be highly effective against tick bites."
12/01/1991 - "Under constant exposure to weathering, the permethrin-treated tent gave best results with average protection from bites greater than 96% for 9 months (DMP was less than 31%). "
08/01/2013 - "Permethrin-impregnated clothing for the prevention of tick bites has been shown effective in reducing tick bites. "
07/01/1990 - "Permethrin-treated fabrics were effective in providing protection from mosquito bites for long periods, even after exposure to weathering, and appear to be an effective means of reducing nuisance effects and disease transmission by mosquitoes."
06/01/1989 - "Permethrin-treated fabric was effective in providing protection from mosquito bites and appears to be a means of attenuating both the nuisance effects and, possibly, disease transmission by mosquitoes."

12/01/2010 - "Natural repellents from plant extracts have demonstrated good efficacy against bites of some insect species. "
06/01/2000 - "In Brazilian folk medicine, victims of bites by poisonous animals are usually treated with plant extracts derived from the diverse national flora. "
12/01/2012 - "In this observation, the plant crude extract gave protection against mosquito bites without any allergic reaction to the test person, and also, the repellent activity is dependent on the strength of the plant extracts. "
02/01/2015 - "In this observation, these two plant crude extracts gave protection against mosquito bites; also, the repellent activity is dependent on the strength of the plant extracts. "
03/01/2013 - "In this observation, this plant crude extracts gave protection against mosquito bites without any allergic reaction to the test person, and also, the repellent activity is dependent on the strength of the plant extracts. "

02/01/2015 - "In this observational study, anti-PpSP32 antibodies, as indicators of exposure to sandfly bites, were measured in sera from healthy individuals and patients from endemic regions in Saudi Arabia with active and cured CL. "
04/01/2015 - "Assay capacity is also improved by performing serial dilutions of BiTE antibodies in 384-well format with an automated liquid handler. "
01/01/1993 - "With the aim of developing active protection against the noxious effects provoked in humans by scorpion stings, the possibility of eliciting toxin reactive antibodies by immunization with a short peptide was assessed in mice. "
01/01/2015 - "This study aims to assess whether general function, physical fitness and subjective health complaints are associated with tick bites or antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in blood donors. "
01/01/2007 - "The goal of the study was to find and statistically evaluate: a) difference in distribution of values of AB in the sample of probands from the risk and non-risk environment (foresters in Sumava and Prague blood donors, respectively) by means of ELISA method, b) tick bite frequency in the risk and non-risk groups, c) to determine and statistically evaluate the prevalence of probands with increased levels of antiborrelial antibodies in the local study population by ELISA method and the prevalence of probands with non-normal values found by Western blot (WB) method. "

10/01/2009 - "Efficacy of four insect repellents against mosquito bites: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled field study in Senegal."
07/01/2015 - "Essential oil based insect repellents are environment friendly and provide dependable personal protection against the bites of mosquitoes and other blood-sucking insects. "
09/01/2010 - "All travelers to the United States should be advised to practice personal protection against arthropod bites, including appropriate use of insect repellents, especially when visiting rural and suburban areas during the warm months."
02/08/2003 - "Prevention is based on protection against mosquito bites by wearing clothes to protect the skin, and by using insect repellents."
07/04/2002 - "Comparative efficacy of insect repellents against mosquito bites."

09/01/2013 - "Pharmacological investigation and spectral characterization of bioactive compounds from crude extracts of sting ray, Dasyatis jenkinsii (Annandale, 1909)."
02/01/2015 - "In this observation, these two plant crude extracts gave protection against mosquito bites; also, the repellent activity is dependent on the strength of the plant extracts. "
03/01/2013 - "In this observation, this plant crude extracts gave protection against mosquito bites without any allergic reaction to the test person, and also, the repellent activity is dependent on the strength of the plant extracts. "
02/01/2013 - "In this observation, these three plant crude extracts gave protection against mosquito bites without any allergic reaction to the test person, and also, the repellent activity is dependent on the strength of the plant extracts. "
11/01/2012 - "In this observation, this plant crude extracts gave protection against mosquito bites without any allergic reaction to the test person, and also, the repellent activity is dependent on the strength of the plant extracts. "

06/01/2008 - "Combined application of bee-venom therapy and medication is superior to simple use of medication in relieving RA, and when bee-sting therapy used, the commonly-taken doses of western medicines may be reduced, and the relapse rate gets lower."
02/01/2002 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term predictive value of sequential bee-sting challenges with respect to the ability to predict future sting reactions in bee-venom (BV) allergic children. "
12/01/1995 - "The reduction in systemic reactions to subsequent bee stings was significantly better in the study group receiving bee venom than in an historic control group treated with whole bee extract (p = 0.03). "
12/01/2013 - "However, in the subacute stage, unlike bee stings, we see the characteristic histological "flame" figures resulting from eosinophilic stimulation induced by excessive bee venom exposure. "
10/01/2013 - "Of the group of beekeepers, 116 were men (83%) and 23 women, average age was 39.3 years, had atopic family history 28% and personal atopy 13%, average time of exposure to bee stings was 10.9 years, skin tests with honey-bee venom were positive in 16.5% and 11% at 1 mcg/mL and 0.1 mcg/mL, respectively. "

09/01/1988 - "Of 2219 subjects with an SR after their most recent sting before entry into the study, 68% received epinephrine for treatment."
05/01/2015 - "Because of the residual risk of SARs after VIT, all patients are advised to carry an epinephrine autoinjector indefinitely and to continue to take measures to avoid Hymenoptera stings."
08/01/2014 - "In contrast, patients who have experienced various complications with unknown or nonallergic mechanisms should be informed about the importance of epinephrine's use and additional measures on future sting avoidance. "
12/01/2005 - "Because of the small but relevant risk of re-sting reactions, in these patients, emergency kits, including epinephrine auto-injectors, should be discussed with every patient when stopping VIT."
12/01/2000 - "Our objective was to assess patients' attitudes regarding after-sting behavior and their capability to correctly self-administer the epinephrine autoinjector. "

05/01/2003 - "Since ground treatment of larval breading sites using insecticides is not always possible or efficient, it is therefore a necessity to develop other methods among which individual protection against Simulium bites. "
01/01/2015 - "The reasons for the relatively low selection pressure posed by adulticides are (i) that males are not affected by the ITNs and, in particular, (ii) that the insecticides are also repellents, keeping mosquitoes at bay from contacting the insecticide but also driving them to bite either people who do not use the insecticide or alternative hosts. "
05/28/2014 - "Moreover, dogs protected against sand fly bites through the use of topical insecticides and sleeping indoors showed significantly lower antibody levels than the non-protected ones. "
01/01/2014 - "Beyond defining biological coverage in a measurable way, the proportion of blood meals obtained from humans and the proportion of bites upon unprotected humans occurring indoors also suggest optimal target product profiles for delivering insecticides to humans or livestock. "
05/01/2011 - "Most travelers going to risk areas knew about personal protection measures against mosquito bites, but only 21.4% and 12.1% carried mosquito repellents or insecticides, respectively. "

03/15/2008 - "Since alpha-ltx is the only molecule responsible for the great toxicity of BWS bites in mammals, the FM1 Fab, highly effective in neutralizing the toxin in vivo, represents a promising immunotherapy reagent for treating latrodectic patients."
10/01/2008 - "Immunotherapy is the only effective treatment for scorpion stings. "
12/01/2012 - "The honeybee sting challenge is considered a reliable procedure to evaluate the efficacy of specific immunotherapy, but it is difficult and unpractical to perform in clinical practice, because live insects are required. "
09/01/2006 - "The efficacy of sting immunotherapy was documented by presentation the 31 cases of children treated by conventional method. "
11/01/2013 - "Although this relatively new class of adjuvants has to date only been evaluated in mice, newly available CDN-STING cocrystal structures will likely intensify efforts in this field towards further development and evaluation in human trials both in preventive vaccine and immunotherapy settings. "

08/01/2012 - "According to these data, it seems important to promote networking between the doctors and the reference centers, which would enhance optimal practices concerning chemoprophylaxis and protection against mosquito bites, especially targeting the "at risk" patients."
10/01/1997 - "There were no significant differences in age, sex, exposition and measures of protection against mosquito bites, concomitant drug use or mean duration of chemoprophylaxis between the 2 groups, and compliance during travel was excellent in both. "
01/01/1997 - "We have received 377 available responses (71%): 183 in group 1 and 194 in group 2. There are no significant differences for age, sex, exposition and measures of protection against mosquito bites, concomitant drug use, mean duration of chemoprophylaxis. "
03/01/2005 - "Individual protection measures based on advice, bite avoidance, chemoprophylaxis, and diagnosis are advocated for protection against the disease. "
01/01/2014 - "The simplest, yet most effective, technique for preventing mosquito-borne diseases is the prevention of mosquito bites with repellent, bed nets, and appropriate clothing in addition to chemoprophylaxis. "

08/01/2001 - "Heat-cured acrylic has been the most commonly used material for construction of bite splints. "
11/01/2013 - "Balance deficits seem to correlate with deteriorated body sway, which, according to the results, can be improved by a myocentric bite position using a DPS splint. "
07/06/2013 - "The splint relieved tension in the patient's bite muscles. "
08/01/2001 - "The light-cured composite bite splint is preferable from the patient's perspective to the heat-cured acrylic bite splint. "
08/01/2001 - "A newly developed light-cured composite material is now being used for bite splint fabrication. "

02/01/2004 - "The results of the STING study in 2,035 refluxing ureters showed a cure rate of about 90% for 2 or 3 injections for grades I to IV reflux and just under 70% for grade V. Also, the cure rate for complex reflux was 60% and the index of complications was less than 1.2% with some intravesical migration. "
04/01/2008 - "The injections sting and leave marks that last more than a week'. "
12/01/2006 - "People were not aware of number of injections needed for treatment of animal bites. "
10/01/2005 - "Five well-tolerated intra-articular SH injections achieved equivalent results to those of a 6 months bite-plane treatment. "
10/01/2005 - "The present prospective study compared long-term outcomes of temporomandibular joint SH injections with those of a conventional non-surgical treatment (bite-plane). "

06/01/1981 - "We suggest that further clinical research and case studies are necessary in order to determine safe and effective first-aid procedures for the bites of American poisonous snakes."
06/01/2000 - "A field trial of efficacy of local compression immobilization first-aid technique in 42 Russell's viper bite cases was studied and only 19 were envenomed. "
06/01/2000 - "Field trial of efficacy of local compression immobilization first-aid technique in Russell's viper (Daboia russelii siamensis) bite patients."
01/01/2016 - "From this study, seawater appears not to induce any nematocyst discharge and can be safely used as a first aid rinsing solution for the jellyfish stings. "
01/01/2016 - "In the present study, to develop rational first aid guidelines for the stings of Nemopilema nomurai (scyphozoa) and Carybdea mora (cubozoa), the modulatory effects of various kinds of rinsing solutions have been assessed on nematocyst discharge and human skin tests. "