Beriberi

A disease caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1) and characterized by polyneuritis, cardiac pathology, and edema. The epidemic form is found primarily in areas in which white (polished) rice is the staple food, as in Japan, China, the Philippines, India, and other countries of southeast Asia. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Networked: 173 relevant articles (12 outcomes, 4 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Heart Failure
2.	Wernicke Encephalopathy (Wernicke's Encephalopathy)
3.	Heart Diseases (Heart Disease)
4.	Cardiogenic Shock
5.	Pulmonary Hypertension (Ayerza Syndrome)

Experts

1.	Koike, Haruki: 3 articles (03/2015 - 11/2004)
2.	Sobue, Gen: 3 articles (03/2015 - 11/2004)
3.	Lanska, Douglas J: 3 articles (01/2012 - 01/2010)
4.	Iijima, Masahiro: 2 articles (03/2015 - 11/2004)
5.	Ou, Kevanna: 2 articles (06/2014 - 11/2012)
6.	Coats, Debra: 2 articles (06/2014 - 11/2012)
7.	Frank, Elizabeth L: 2 articles (06/2014 - 05/2008)
8.	Fischer, Philip R: 2 articles (06/2014 - 11/2012)
9.	Mayxay, Mayfong: 2 articles (01/2011 - 01/2011)
10.	White, Nicholas J: 2 articles (01/2011 - 01/2011)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Beriberi:

1.	Thiamine (Aneurin)FDA Link 01/01/2014 - "Thiamine was administered for suspected shoshin beriberi; his hemodynamic status improved dramatically within the next six hours. " 10/13/2000 - "A cardiovascular beriberi syndrome was suspected and 100 mg of thiamine administered i.v. Within hours the clinical picture improved significantly. " 10/01/2012 - "Case of beriberi showing improved cerebral blood flow after thiamine treatment." 11/10/1994 - "Thiamine supplementation was given only perorally in the first patient, and a severe catabolic state in the other delayed the improvement in the beriberi. " 08/25/1984 - "Empirical treatment with thiamine proved to be a cure for the disorder, for it was acute pernicious or fulminating beriberi. "
2.	VitaminsIBA 07/01/1994 - "The history of the discovery of vitamins was initiated by the observation that beriberi is caused by qualitatively poor nutrition rather than by microorganisms. " 10/01/1957 - "[Effect of various vitamins on the electrical activity of the cerebral cortex of normal pigeons & pigeons with beriberi]." 01/01/1951 - "[Delayed walking and beriberi among the poor population of Indochina; spectacular effects of vitamin B]." 01/01/1927 - "A Note on the Temporary Spontaneous Disappearance of Typical "Beriberi" Symptoms in Pigeons Fed on Diets Deficient in Vitamin B." 03/01/1994 - "The incidence of beriberi among patients undergoing total parenteral nutrition is very low because of the almost systematic addition of vitamin complexes. "
3.	Thiamine PyrophosphateIBA 11/01/2012 - "In a case-control study, thiamine diphosphate (TDP) blood concentrations were measured in 27 infants diagnosed with beriberi at a rural clinic, as well as their mothers and healthy Cambodian and American controls. " 12/08/1980 - "Above all, the thiamine pyrophosphate effect proved to be the most effective parameter in distinguishing the beriberi group from normal subjects." 09/01/1955 - "[Effects of cocarboxylase administration on experimental beriberi in pigeons]." 08/11/1939 - "THE EFFECT OF COCARBOXYLASE UPON METABOLISM AND NEURO-PSYCHIATRIC PHENOMENA IN PELLAGRINS WITH BERIBERI." 04/01/1951 - "[Comparative research on the action of aneurin and cocarboxylase on the rat heart in experimental beriberi; electrocardiographic study]."
4.	TransketolaseIBA 01/01/2011 - "Erythrocyte transketolase activity, markers of cardiac dysfunction and the diagnosis of infantile beriberi." 01/01/2011 - "A cohort of 778 sick infants admitted during one year without clinical evidence of beriberi were studied prospectively and erythrocyte transketolase assays (ETK) performed. " 08/15/1987 - "A review of 41 possible cases of beriberi diagnosed in a 4-year period (1981-1985) revealed that the diagnosis was fairly certain in 23 patients, although measurements of red cell transketolase had not been performed. " 01/01/1986 - "The clinical, hemodynamic, and biological data suggested the diagnosis of shoshin beriberi which was proved by the low erythrocyte transketolase activity with elevated "TPP effect" and by the dramatic improvement of the patient after thiamin administration. " 04/15/1963 - "[Effect of thiamine on the transketolase activity of the pigeon with beriberi]."
5.	citreoviridinIBA 02/01/2010 - "The aim of this study was to determine the levels of Penicillium citreonigrum and citreoviridin present in rice samples from Maranhão State, Brazil, where an outbreak of beriberi was reported and 32 deaths occurred (7% of the notified cases died in 2006). " 01/01/2015 - "The mycotoxin citreoviridin has been associated with the 'yellow rice' disease, which caused cardiac beriberi in Japan. " 04/01/2010 - "Our investigation of an outbreak of beriberi in Brazil showed an association of beriberi with the consumption of poor quality subsistence farming rice, although, unlike other investigators of this outbreak, we did not identify citreoviridin producing fungi in the implicated rice." 02/01/2010 - "citreonigrum and citreoviridin were involved in the beriberi cases from Maranhão State. " 02/01/2010 - "Production of citreoviridin by Penicillium citreonigrum strains associated with rice consumption and beriberi cases in the Maranhão State, Brazil."
6.	Folic Acid (Vitamin M)FDA LinkGeneric 03/10/2015 - "Folate-deficiency neuropathy was characterized by a slowly progressive and sensory-dominant pattern, which was different from thiamine-deficiency neuropathy (i.e., beriberi neuropathy). " 01/01/2015 - "This vitamin deficiency can also present with cardiovascular symptoms, called "wet beriberi." Association with folate deficit worsens the clinical picture. " 01/01/2015 - "Wernicke's Encephalopathy, Wet Beriberi, and Polyneuropathy in a Patient with Folate and Thiamine Deficiency Related to Gastric Phytobezoar." 06/01/2012 - "These deficiencies such as goiter, rickets, beriberi, and pellagra have been replaced with an entirely new set of "emergent deficiencies" that were not previously considered a problem [e.g., folate and neural tube defects (NTDs)]. " 01/01/1950 - "[Effect of xanthopterin and folic acid on experimental beriberi in pigeons]."
7.	Vitamin B Complex (B Vitamins)IBA 01/01/2010 - "This historical review addresses major neurological disorders associated with deficiencies of water-soluble B vitamins: beriberi, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, pellagra, neural tube defects, and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord. " 09/01/1955 - "[Action of thiamine and its mono- and di-phosphoric esters in beriberi in pigeons, with and without massive doses of vitamin B complex]." 05/01/2002 - "Starting in the early part of the 20th century, fortification was used to target specific health conditions: goitre with iodized salt; rickets with vitamin D-fortified milk; beriberi, pellagra and anaemia with B-vitamins and Fe-enriched cereals; more recently, in the USA, risk of pregnancy affected by neural-tube defects with folic acid-fortified cereals. "
8.	Lactic AcidFDA LinkGeneric 08/16/2003 - "Shoshin beriberi is an acute, cardiac form of beriberi, which can rapidly result in death due to cardiogenic shock and lactate acidosis. " 01/01/2014 - "Based on the findings of the present case, we believe that a diagnosis can be made in patients with a clinical history that is consistent with that of Shoshin beriberi, combined with low thiamine levels, lactate accumulation, and colliquative myocytolysis. " 01/01/2014 - "Clinical presentations were nonalcoholic Shoshin beriberi and lactate accumulation; however, clinical improvement was observed after the administration of thiamine. "
9.	Pyruvic Acid (Pyruvate)IBA 12/01/1951 - "Beriberi and pyruvic acid." 02/01/2015 - "Thiamine deficiency (TD) is accepted as the cause of beriberi because of its action in the metabolism of simple carbohydrates, mainly as the rate limiting cofactor for the dehydrogenases of pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate, both being critical to the action of the citric acid cycle. "
10.	MicronutrientsIBA 05/01/2011 - "Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is considered an essential micronutrient for humans; its deficient intake brings about the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (encephalopathy and psychosis) or beriberi (a neurological and cardiovascular disease). " 10/01/2008 - "The micronutrient thiamin is of particular interest in the management of HF for several reasons: (a) HF is a disease of the elderly whose micronutrient status is in need of attention; (b) HF patients tend to have inadequate nutrient intake, which has been associated with thiamin deficiency; (c) thiamin deficiency (wet beriberi) impairs cardiac performance and can mimic the signs and symptoms of HF thereby potentially exacerbating the underlying disease; (d) use of loop diuretics to manage fluid and sodium imbalances associated with HF may cause the hyperexcretion of thiamin, thereby increasing the risk of deficiency; and (e) the prevention of thiamin deficiency should be a routine component in the overall management of this disease."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Total Parenteral Nutrition 01/01/1996 - "This study was undertaken to determine the clinical features of total parenteral nutrition (TPN)-induced fulminant beriberi by reviewing the clinical data on 10 of our own patients who developed this complication, and 33 cases documented in the literature. " 01/01/2014 - "Total parenteral nutrition caused Wernicke's encephalopathy accompanied by wet beriberi." 01/01/1998 - "Wernicke encephalopathy and beriberi during total parenteral nutrition attributable to multivitamin infusion shortage." 03/01/1985 - "Severe acute metabolic acidosis (acute beriberi): an avoidable complication of total parenteral nutrition." 03/01/1994 - "The incidence of beriberi among patients undergoing total parenteral nutrition is very low because of the almost systematic addition of vitamin complexes. "
2.	Parenteral Nutrition 03/01/1991 - "Dry beriberi: unusual complication of prolonged parenteral nutrition." 06/03/1989 - "Acute pernicious beriberi in a patient receiving parenteral nutrition. " 01/01/1988 - "[Beriberi during parenteral feeding]." 01/01/1986 - "Shoshin beriberi: an unusual complication of prolonged parenteral nutrition." 08/01/1992 - "During a 3 year period, 1987-1989, we encountered three major complications associated with parenteral nutrition leading to congestive cardiac failure--acute beriberi, right atrial and superior vena caval thrombosis, and fungal endocarditis. "
3.	Bariatric Surgery 01/01/2012 - "[Beriberi after bariatric surgery]." 12/02/2008 - "The skinny on a growing problem: dry beriberi after bariatric surgery." 06/01/2006 - "[Beriberi after bariatric surgery: not an unusual complication. " 06/01/2005 - "The neurologic form of beriberi has been described in multiple case reports following bariatric surgery for morbid obesity. "
4.	Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass) 08/01/2004 - "Beriberi after gastric bypass surgery in adolescence." 08/01/2004 - "We report three cases of dry beriberi in adolescents who underwent gastric bypass surgery for clinically severe obesity. " 08/01/2003 - "Development of beriberi heart disease 20 years after gastrojejunostomy."
5.	Traditional Medicine (Folk Remedies) 01/01/2000 - "This argumentation is supported by a detailed account of how the disease profile for beriberi heart disease, used in one of the major medical informatics diagnostic programs, QMR (and its ancestor INTERNIST-1), was developed, and why at least this program essentially follows received views of traditional medicine. " 02/01/2008 - "Saururus chinensis has been widely used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of beriberi, hypertension, pneumonia, edema, jaundice and gonorrhea. "