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Bartonella Infections (Bartonellosis)

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Infections by the genus BARTONELLA. Bartonella bacilliformis can cause acute febrile anemia, designated Oroya fever, and a benign skin eruption, called verruga peruana. BARTONELLA QUINTANA causes TRENCH FEVER, while BARTONELLA HENSELAE is the etiologic agent of bacillary angiomatosis (ANGIOMATOSIS, BACILLARY) and is also one of the causes of CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE in immunocompetent patients.

Also Known As:

Bartonellosis; Oroya Fever; Carrions Disease; Carrion's Disease; Carrion Disease; Cat Scratch Fever; Infections, Bartonella; Infections, Rochalimaea; Bartonella Infection; Bartonelloses; Cat Scratch Fevers; Disease, Carrion; Disease, Carrion's; Fever, Cat Scratch; Fever, Oroya; Fevers, Cat Scratch; Infection, Bartonella; Infection, Rochalimaea; Rochalimaea Infection; Scratch Fever, Cat; Scratch Fevers, Cat; Rochalimaea Infections; Verruga Peruana

Networked: 93 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 4 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Bacterial Infections and Mycoses
- Bacterial Infections: 10283
  - Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections: 350
    - Bartonellaceae Infections
      - Bartonella Infections: 93
        Cat-Scratch Disease: 205
        Bacillary Angiomatosis: 72
        Trench Fever: 6

Related Diseases

1.	Infection
2.	Hemolytic Anemia
3.	Bartonella Infections (Bartonellosis)
4.	Hepatitis
5.	Cat-Scratch Disease

Experts

1.	Raoult, Didier: 4 articles (07/2014 - 01/2003)
2.	Kosoy, Michael Y: 3 articles (12/2010 - 08/2003)
3.	Rolain, Jean-Marc: 2 articles (09/2010 - 06/2007)
4.	Breitschwerdt, Edward B: 2 articles (01/2009 - 06/2005)
5.	Maggi, Ricardo G: 2 articles (01/2009 - 06/2005)
6.	Romero, S: 2 articles (11/2000 - 01/2000)
7.	Ray, M: 1 article (10/2015)
8.	Kumar, V: 1 article (10/2015)
9.	Kasuga, D T: 1 article (10/2015)
10.	Lee, R A: 1 article (10/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Bartonella Infections:

1.	AntigensIBA 01/01/2010 - "Most cases of bartonellosis are now diagnosed by tests based on PCR or through serological tests using specific antigens." 02/01/2008 - "bacilliformis isolates tested, and EC-01 antigen reacted with 13/20 Oroya fever sera. " 08/01/2003 - "However, because little is known about the antigens that elicit antibody production in response to Bartonella infections, this project was undertaken to identify and molecularly characterize these immunogens. " 12/01/2002 - "On the contrary, enzyme immunoassays offer ease of use and a high level of reproducibility, however ideal antigens for use in the diagnosis of Bartonella infections have not been clearly identified. " 09/01/2000 - "A recombinant clone expressing an immunoreactive antigen of Bartonella bacilliformis was isolated by screening a genomic DNA library with serum from a patient with the chronic verruga phase of bartonellosis. "
2.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)IBA 09/01/2010 - "The objective of the present study was to identify candidate proteins for the serodiagnosis of bartonellosis with the differential discrimination of both clinical scenarios: CSD and IE. " 09/01/2010 - "We identified several candidate proteins as phage-encoding Pap31 protein and an outer membrane protein of BH11510 that, in our view, might be useful for the serodiagnosis of bartonellosis." 02/15/1999 - "Moreover, Bartonella infection of HEp-2 cells induced tyrosine phosphorylation of several Triton X-100 soluble proteins with approximate molecular masses of 243, 215 179, 172 (doublet), 160, 145 and 110 kDa that were absent or reduced in the presence of genistein in cells after 1 h of infection. "
3.	Doxycycline (Vibramycin)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2007 - "According with the current knowledge on the treatment of human bartonellosis, we believe that doxycycline in association with gentamicin may be the preferred regimen for the treatment of the acute and eruptive stages of Carrion's disease, but clinical trials are warranted to support our findings." 04/15/1999 - "Detection of a serum IgG antibody titer to Bartonella spp and ocular production of IgG antibodies to Bartonella spp, exclusion of other causes of uveitis, and response to doxycycline suggests that the cat may have had bartonellosis resulting in uveal tract inflammation."
4.	Gold Colloid (Colloidal Gold)IBA 07/14/1950 - "[Hepatitis during the course of bartonellosis (Carrion's disease) study of 2 cases with hepatobiliary function tests with special reference to the colloidal gold and cephalin-cholesterol reactions]."
5.	Gentamicins (Gentamicin)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2007 - "According with the current knowledge on the treatment of human bartonellosis, we believe that doxycycline in association with gentamicin may be the preferred regimen for the treatment of the acute and eruptive stages of Carrion's disease, but clinical trials are warranted to support our findings."
6.	CholesterolIBA 07/14/1950 - "[Hepatitis during the course of bartonellosis (Carrion's disease) study of 2 cases with hepatobiliary function tests with special reference to the colloidal gold and cephalin-cholesterol reactions]."
7.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 08/01/2004 - "Given the expanding number of Bartonella species emerging as human pathogens, it is suggested that PCR-RFLP analysis for the diagnosis of Bartonella infections target several genes and be coupled with DNA sequencing to avoid species identification." 01/27/2003 - "Bartonella infection was diagnosed using immunofluorescence with a 1:800 cutoff, polymerase chain reaction amplification of DNA, and/or culture findings of Bartonella species from whole blood, serum, and/or valvular biopsy specimens. " 01/01/1999 - "All these bartonelloses are diagnosed by non-standard blood culture or by in vitro DNA amplification or by serological testing. " 08/01/1992 - "Nuclear planimetry and DNA flow cytometry of verruga peruana." 04/15/1998 - "The present case suggests that although various anti-rejection therapies and opportunistic infections are associated with hepatic and renal dysfunction along with bone marrow suppression, the diagnostic evaluation in this situation should include liver biopsy and a careful search for evidence of systemic Bartonella infection, e.g., exposure to cats, Bartonella serology, and Bartonella DNA by PCR. "
8.	AntibodiesIBA 12/01/2014 - "Because Bartonella spp. antibodies were detected in necropsied northern sea otters from southcentral (44%) and southwestern (86%) stocks of Alaska, as well as in necropsied southern sea otters (16%) in southcentral California, we concluded that Bartonella spp. exposure is widely distributed among sea otter populations in the Eastern Pacific, providing context for investigating future disease outbreaks and monitoring of Bartonella infections for sea otter management and conservation." 01/01/2004 - "Although Bartonella infections were highly prevalent among cotton rats, only 8.5% of rats had reactive antibodies at titers of > or = 1:32 and none had antibodies titers of > 1:256." 11/01/2000 - "bacilliformis antibodies in acute-phase blood samples of laboratory-confirmed bartonellosis patients. " 01/01/2010 - "Bartonella antibodies were encountered in people living across Zhejiang Province and the seropositivity rate among those exposed to dog bites was significantly higher than that among blood donors, indicating that dog bites may be a risk factor for Bartonella infection." 10/01/1990 - "bacilliformis genomic DNA using Bartonella antibodies raised in rabbits and sera of bartonellosis patients. "
9.	Carbon MonoxideIBA 01/01/2009 - "Here, the authors discuss the seemingly diverse spectrum of disease manifestations, the co-infections of Bartonella spp. with other vector-borne pathogens (mainly Ehrlichia spp. or Babesia spp.) and the difficulties in microbiological confirmation of an active Bartonella infection, all of which make the disease pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis more problematic." 09/01/2007 - "Canine bartonellosis: serological and molecular prevalence in Brazil and evidence of co-infection with Bartonella henselae and Bartonella vinsonii subsp. " 10/01/2002 - "Co-infection with Esptein-Barr virus and Bartonella henselae resulting in systemic bartonellosis." 01/01/2015 - "Increased susceptibility to co-infection with enteric Gram-negative bacteria, particularly non-typhoidal Salmonella, is reported in malaria and Oroya fever (Bartonella bacilliformis infection), and can lead to increased mortality. " 01/01/2015 - "Both malaria and Oroya fever are characterized by hemolysis, and observations in humans and animal models suggest that hemolysis causes the susceptibility to bacterial co-infection. "
10.	Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin)FDA Link 02/01/1994 - "The diagnosis of bartonellosis was made on the basis of the clinical picture, the patient's medical history, the incubation period, the confirmatory histopathologic findings, and the response to treatment with chloramphenicol (500 mg four times a day for 14 days)." 04/01/1951 - "Carrion's disease treated with chloromycetin." 09/15/2001 - "In modern Peru, symptomatic patients who have acute-phase bartonellosis typically present with a febrile illness and systemic symptoms caused by profound anemia; most patients respond successfully to treatment with chloramphenicol. " 01/01/1957 - "[Chloramphenicol therapy of acute bartonellosis (Carrion's disease) in the initial phase]."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Splenectomy 04/30/1928 - "Similarly, splenectomy led to no appreciable aggravation of Bartonella infection. " 07/01/2013 - "This could prevent splenic bartonellosis being mistaken for lymphoma and thereby avert unnecessary splenectomy." 07/01/2004 - "This is an unusual case of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection by Bartonella bacilliformis, which provides clinical evidence that the spleen is a critical effector organ of clearance of this infection as well as the effector organ of bartonellosis-associated hemolytic anemia." 07/01/2004 - "We report a case of a 56-year-old man with a history of splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura who developed persistent bacteremia in the acute phase of human bartonellosis. " 04/30/1928 - "ETIOLOGY OF OROYA FEVER : XII. INFLUENCE OF MALARIAL INFECTION (PLASMODIUM INUI?), SPLENECTOMY, OR BOTH, UPON EXPERIMENTAL CARRION'S DISEASE IN MONKEYS."
2.	Transplants (Transplant) 03/01/2012 - "We identified 29 cases of solid organ transplant recipients who had Bartonella infection, 24 by a review of the English-language literature and 5 from our institution. " 12/01/2008 - "Possible donor-recipient bartonellosis transmission in a pediatric liver transplant." 10/01/2009 - "Blood transfusion as an alternative bartonellosis transmission in a pediatric liver transplant." 10/01/2015 - "Herein, we present 2 cases of ocular bartonellosis in renal transplant patients, 1 with disseminated infection, and 1 without. " 10/01/2015 - "Bartonellosis is infrequently reported in solid organ transplant recipients, and published case reports usually discuss disseminated infection. "
3.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 10/01/2015 - "Ocular bartonellosis in transplant recipients: two case reports and review of the literature." 07/01/2009 - "We discuss aspects and difficulties of diagnosis and treatment of bartonellosis in a lung transplant recipient who suffered from a severe multisystem involvement of this disease. " 07/01/2009 - "Only rare cases of bartonellosis in transplant recipients have been reported. " 05/01/1999 - "Disseminated Bartonella infection with granulomatous hepatitis in a liver transplant recipient." 03/01/2012 - "The mean time after transplantation to development of Bartonella infection among those with cat scratch disease was 5.6 ± 5.3 years, and among those with disseminated infection was 2.7 ± 2.4 years. "
4.	Liver Transplantation 08/01/2006 - "Disseminated Bartonella infection following liver transplantation." 08/01/2006 - "Although bartonellosis is a rare infection in liver transplantation recipients, it should always be included in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with fever, central nervous system (CNS) symptoms, skin lesions, lymphadenopathy, and hepatitis especially if prior contact with cats is reported."
5.	Kidney Transplantation 10/01/2012 - "Recent reports indicated that bartonellosis seen after liver or kidney transplantation have been increased. "