Balkan Nephropathy (Balkan Endemic Nephropathy)

A form of chronic interstitial nephritis that is endemic to limited areas of BULGARIA, the former YUGOSLAVIA, and ROMANIA. It is characterized by a progressive shrinking of the KIDNEYS that is often associated with uroepithelial tumors.

Also Known As:

Networked: 189 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 16 trials/studies)

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Kidney Diseases (Kidney Disease)
2.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis)
3.	Glomerulonephritis
4.	Poisoning
5.	Nephrosclerosis

Experts

1.	Arlt, Volker M: 20 articles (11/2015 - 10/2002)
2.	Schmeiser, Heinz H: 19 articles (11/2015 - 10/2002)
3.	Frei, Eva: 12 articles (11/2015 - 01/2008)
4.	Stiborová, Marie: 10 articles (11/2015 - 11/2007)
5.	Phillips, David H: 9 articles (07/2014 - 11/2007)
6.	Stiborova, Marie: 7 articles (07/2014 - 10/2002)
7.	Pfohl-Leszkowicz, Annie: 6 articles (12/2009 - 10/2002)
8.	Jelaković, Bojan: 5 articles (06/2015 - 07/2007)
9.	Stefanovic, Vladisav: 5 articles (08/2014 - 01/2007)
10.	Castegnaro, Marcel: 5 articles (09/2007 - 04/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Balkan Nephropathy:

1.	aristolochic acid I (aristolochic acid)IBA 02/06/2015 - "Improvements in agricultural practices in Croatia have reduced exposure to consumption of aristolochic acid-contaminated flour and development of endemic (Balkan) nephropathy. " 01/01/2015 - "Aristolochic acid I (AAI) is a plant alkaloid causing aristolochic acid nephropathy, Balkan endemic nephropathy and their associated urothelial malignancies. " 01/01/2015 - "Aristolochic acid (AA) is a potent carcinogen and nephrotoxin and is associated with the development of "Chinese herb nephropathy" and Balkan endemic nephropathy. " 01/01/2015 - "Balkan endemic nephropathy is nowadays considered as an aristolochic acid nephropathy. " 07/15/2014 - "Aristolochic acid (AA) causes aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN), first described in women in Belgium accidently prescribed Aristolochia fangchi in a slimming treatment, and also Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), through probable dietary contamination with Aristolochia clematitis seeds. "
2.	beta 2-Microglobulin (beta 2 Microglobulin)IBA 11/01/1991 - "Beta 2-microglobulin studies in endemic Balkan nephropathy." 11/01/1991 - "This study has shown that the increased serum beta 2-microglobulin level in Balkan nephropathy patients is the consequence of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) reduction. " 11/01/1991 - "The aim of this study was to investigate serum levels, urinary excretion and in vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) production of beta 2-microglobulin in patients with Balkan nephropathy and their families. " 11/01/1991 - "Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) is a tubulointerstitial disease characterized by increased-low-molecular-weight protein (LMWP), most notably, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) excretion in urine. " 11/01/1991 - "These observations suggest a possible mechanism for the release of beta 2-microglobulin to make it available to exert toxic effects on the kidney as a potential pathogenesis of Balkan endemic nephropathy."
3.	MycotoxinsIBA 03/01/2002 - "Balkan endemic nephropathy and associated urinary tract tumours: a review on aetiological causes and the potential role of mycotoxins." 01/01/1973 - "Mycotoxins have also been suggested as etiological factors in Balkan nephropathy in man, which in the initial stages is characterized by tubular lesions similar to those seen in mycotoxic nephropathy in pigs." 01/01/2011 - "Several studies implicated mycotoxins, in endemic kidney disease geographically limited to Balkan region (Balkan endemic nephropathy). " 05/01/2006 - "Several studies implicated mycotoxins, in endemic kidney disease geographically limited to Balkan region (Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN)). " 01/01/2004 - "These mycotoxins have been--as etiologic agents-- associated with a wide numbers of acute and chronic human diseases including mycotoxicoses like Balkan endemic nephropathy or liver cancer. "
4.	SeleniumIBA 04/01/1992 - "Selenium status of patients with Balkan endemic nephropathy." 11/01/1991 - "According to the biological function of selenium, a very low intake of selenium may be a fundamental underlying condition that would predispose persons to attack by other agents in the development of Balkan endemic nephropathy." 11/01/1991 - "Selenium deficiency and Balkan endemic nephropathy." 01/01/1999 - "Selenium deficiency occurs in the geographic areas where Balkan nephropathy appears, but there is no direct evidence that selenium deficiency contributes to the development of this chronic, progressive kidney disease. " 01/01/1998 - "Selenium-dependent and selenium-non-dependent glutathione peroxidase in patients with Balkan endemic nephropathy."
5.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 03/01/2010 - "DNA ploidy measurement has been applied uniquely to wax-embedded tissue of primary renal cell and metastatic tumours of a key experimental researcher on porcine ochratoxicosis, a control, and four transitional cell carcinomas from cases of Balkan endemic nephropathy. " 12/01/2009 - "It discusses the differences between the epidemiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) and aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN); OTA and AA carcinogenicity; clinical and pathological effects induced by OTA and AA; sources of OTA contamination (food, air, drinking water); OTA- and AA-DNA adduct formation; the role of genetic polymorphisms; and the risk for young children." 06/15/2015 - "Here we report a whole-exome sequencing screen performed on DNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded renal cell carcinomas (RCC) arising in chronic renal disease patients from a Balkan endemic nephropathy (EN) region. " 07/01/2007 - "To re-examine serum complement and immunoglobulin levels in patients with Balkan Endemic Nephropathy (BEN) in the early stage of the disease; to study autoantibodies (anti-thyroid, anti-smooth muscle, anti-mitochondrial, anti-parietal, anti-nuclear, and anti-DNA) in these patients; and, finally, to re-asses the immunohistology in kidney biopsies from BEN patients. " 09/01/2007 - "To find out whether ochratoxin A (OTA), citrinin (CIT), aristolochic acids (AA) are etiologic agents of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) or Chinese herbal nephrotoxicity, and associated urinary tract tumor (UTT), we have compared (i) in human kidney cell culture, the DNA adduct formation and persistence of OTA/CIT and AA adducts (ii) analyzed DNA adduct in several tumors from human kidney suspected to be exposed to either OTA and CIT, or AAs (iii) analyzed OTA, CIT, and AA in food. "
6.	CreatinineIBA 06/01/2004 - "Creatinine clearance and kidney size in Balkan endemic nephropathy patients." 07/01/2000 - "Urinary creatinine excretion in children from families with Balkan endemic nephropathy: evidence for genetic predisposition to the disease." 11/01/1991 - "Anemia has been reported to be an early sign of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) occurring before the serum creatinine is elevated. " 01/01/2008 - "The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between kidney dimensions and creatinine clearance (Ccr) in patients with Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), nephrosclerosis (NSc), glomerulonephritis (GN), diabetic nephropathy (DN) and in healthy persons. " 04/01/1985 - "a relatively significant correlation was obtained between Tamm-Horsfall protein excretion rate and glomerular filtration rate as measured by creatinine clearance in both control and subjects living in the area of Balkan endemic nephropathy. "
7.	CoalIBA 11/01/1991 - "Field studies in epidemiology and environmental geochemistry in areas in Yugoslavia containing villages with a high incidence of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), indicate a possible relationship between the presence of low-rank coal deposits and the etiology of BEN. " 02/01/2014 - "Organic compounds in water extracts of coal: links to Balkan endemic nephropathy." 01/01/2011 - "Epidemiological data regarding Balkan endemic nephropathy in relationship with the Pliocene coal etiological hypothesis." 11/01/2006 - "Evaluation of the hypothesis that Balkan endemic nephropathy is caused by drinking water exposure to contaminants leaching from Pliocene coal deposits." 11/01/1991 - "Relationship between weathered coal deposits and the etiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy."
8.	Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 (PROD)IBA 12/01/1992 - "Basic field studies related to the animal population were performed in the region of Slavonski Brod, Republic of Croatia, where Balkan endemic nephropathy is an endemic disease. " 03/01/1992 - "Within the county of Slavonski Brod, Yugoslavia hyperendemic areas of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) have been recognized for a long time. " 01/01/1985 - "The direct inheritance as a possible etiologic factor of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) has been studied in an endemic area in the district of Slavonski Brod (Croatia-Yugoslavia). "
9.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 02/01/2006 - "Clinical markers in adult offspring of families with and without Balkan Endemic Nephropathy." 03/01/2015 - "Familial versus environmental factors in Balkan endemic nephropathy in Mehedinti county, Romania, by means of albuminuria and tubular biomarkers: preliminary study." 05/01/2006 - "Balkan endemic nephropathy: role of ochratoxins A through biomarkers."
10.	Genetic Markers (Genetic Marker)IBA 01/01/1985 - "A complete coincidence was obtained between the carriership if marker chromosome A3 and the data from the biopsy studies, revealing initial morphological changes in the kidney, characteristic for Balkan endemic nephropathy." 09/01/1987 - "[Chromosome markers in Balkan endemic nephropathy]." 01/01/1985 - "[Chromosome marker in Balkan endemic nephropathy. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis) 01/01/2007 - "To analyze hemodialysis (HD) treatment of patients with Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) from five endemic villages in the South Morava Region of Serbia. " 01/01/2007 - "Hemodialysis treatment in patients with Balkan endemic nephropathy: an epidemiological study." 07/01/2012 - "Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) patients maintained with hemodialysis have more severe anemia than patients with other kidney diseases. " 01/01/1981 - "The plasma level of FSH, LH, P and E of 24 women with CRI, aged from 16-61, on a programmed hemodialysis was determined, 13 of them with Balkan endemic nephropathy, 8--chronic pyelonephritis and one patient with chronic glomerulonephritis, polycystosis of kidneys and lupus nephritis. " 01/01/2014 - "The aim of our study was to assess the Antioxidant Capacity of Water soluble substances (ACW) and the Antioxidant Capacity of Liposoluble substances (ACL) in patients with Balkan Endemic Nephropathy (BEN) on hemodialysis undergoing Vitamin C therapy as compared to healthy controls. "
2.	Renal Replacement Therapy (Therapies, Renal Replacement) 11/01/2007 - "The aim of this study is to evaluate epidemiological status of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT) in Bosnia from 2003 through 2005. " 11/01/2007 - "Trend of Balkan endemic nephropathy patients on renal replacement therapy in Bosnia from 2003 through 2005."
3.	Kidney Transplantation 06/01/2007 - "Renal transplantation in patients with Balkan endemic nephropathy." 01/01/2007 - "Analysis of the incidence of urothelial cancer and outcome of treatment in patients with Endemic Balkan Nephropathy (EN) after renal transplantation. " 01/01/2007 - "Urothelial cancer in patients with Endemic Balkan Nephropathy (EN) after renal transplantation." 11/01/1977 - "[Kidney transplantation in terminal kidney insufficiency due to endemic Balkan nephropathy]."
4.	Transplants (Transplant) 06/01/2009 - "A 62-year-old-female with end-stage renal disease secondary to Balkan endemic nephropathy and positive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology before transplantation received a renal transplant from a deceased donor. "
5.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 06/01/2009 - "A 62-year-old-female with end-stage renal disease secondary to Balkan endemic nephropathy and positive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology before transplantation received a renal transplant from a deceased donor. "