Ascariasis

Infection by nematodes of the genus ASCARIS. Ingestion of infective eggs causes diarrhea and pneumonitis. Its distribution is more prevalent in areas of poor sanitation and where human feces are used for fertilizer.

Also Known As:

Networked: 658 relevant articles (38 outcomes, 56 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Trichuriasis
2.	Infections
3.	Ancylostomiasis
4.	Hymenolepiasis
5.	Enterobiasis

Experts

1.	Hotez, Peter J: 8 articles (12/2021 - 01/2014)
2.	Gazzinelli-Guimarães, Ana Clara: 6 articles (01/2022 - 07/2017)
3.	Bottazzi, Maria Elena: 6 articles (01/2021 - 03/2014)
4.	Zhan, Bin: 5 articles (01/2021 - 03/2014)
5.	Tsuji, Naotoshi: 5 articles (10/2006 - 09/2003)
6.	Amorim, Chiara Cássia Oliveira: 4 articles (01/2022 - 01/2018)
7.	Barbosa, Fernando Sérgio: 4 articles (01/2022 - 01/2018)
8.	Bueno, Lilian Lacerda: 4 articles (01/2022 - 01/2018)
9.	Fujiwara, Ricardo Toshio: 4 articles (01/2022 - 01/2018)
10.	Iwata, Tsutomu: 4 articles (01/2022 - 01/2013)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Ascariasis:

1.	Albendazole (Albenza)FDA Link 07/01/2001 - "[Ascariasis: comparison of the therapeutic efficacy between paico and albendazole in children from Huaraz]." 07/01/2001 - "A therapeutical clinical trial was designed to study the effectiveness of Paico and Albendazole, for the treatment of ascariasis in a group of 60 children, between 3 and 14 years old, from a rural community in Huaraz. " 01/17/2023 - "Two weeks before the scheduled MDA, 4998 school children (5-15 years old) were screened for STH infections (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm), and 1526 children who tested positive for at least one type of STH parasite were enrolled and received single-dose albendazole (400 mg) through MDA. " 08/01/2021 - "We report a case of a young male with gallbladder ascariasis diagnosed with ultrasonography and successfully treated with a single dose of albendazole 400 mg. Follow-up ultrasonography was done to evaluate the management." 05/01/2014 - "Adequate cure rates and egg reduction rates above 85% were found with a single dose of albendazole for Ascaris infection, 85% (95% confidence interval [CI], 73, 96) and 93.8% (CI, 87.6, 100), respectively, while two doses were necessary for hookworm infestation (92% [CI, 78, 100] and 92% [CI, 78, 100], respectively). "
2.	Mebendazole (Anti-Worm)FDA Link 12/01/2001 - "The two patients who had ascariasis were treated with mebendazole. " 01/01/2000 - "Mebendazole was administered in the dose of 200 mg per day: for 3 days in ascariasis, for 5 days in A. " 10/01/1979 - "Although mebendazole is an effective agent against ascariasis, there are preferable alternatives. " 06/01/1978 - "The cure rate of mebendazole in the treatment of Ascaris infection was remarkably high and satisfactory in every dose groups. " 12/01/1975 - "A clinical trial with mebendazole in ascariasis and ankylostomiasis."
3.	PyrantelIBA 12/01/1980 - "Prophylactic medication with pyrantel to prevent liver condemnation in pigs naturally exposed to Ascaris infections." 01/01/1978 - "The best results were obtained using oxantel, either alone or in combination with pyrantel, at 15 to 20mg/kg. Only 2 of 152 patients with ascariasis were not cured after a single dose of pyrantel (given as oxantel-pyrantel) of 10, 15 or 20mg/kg, and both these patients were from the group given the lowest dose. " 03/01/1989 - "A multicentre, randomized trial was carried out to compare the efficacy of two single-dose treatments for ascariasis: mebendazole 200 mg, and pyrantel 10 mg/kg. Each centre enrolled 200 patients with a suspected diagnosis of ascariasis, 100 for each treatment, and the treatments were randomized for each centre. " 03/01/1989 - "Thus pyrantel was found to be significantly more efficacious than mebendazole for single-dose treatment of ascariasis." 08/01/1975 - "Comparison of pyrantel and tetramisole in ascariasis."
4.	Levamisole (Decaris)FDA Link 09/15/2015 - "This first reported sporadic case of pancreatic duct ascariasis in Lithuania was successfully treated with ERCP and Levamisole." 08/01/1980 - "Levamisole is a drug of choice for treatment of ascariasis. " 03/01/1979 - "It is concluded that mass treatment with single oral doses of levamisole repeated at 3-month intervals might help control ascariasis, and that population coverages between 60 and 90% might be appropriate. " 03/01/1979 - "Mass control of ascariasis with single oral doses of levamisole. " 10/01/1978 - "Levamisole meets the requirements of individual and mass treatment of ascariasis."
5.	AnthelminticsIBA 01/01/2023 - "The appearance of anthelmintic resistance in Ascaris is a risk for the target of eliminating ascariasis as a public health problem by 2030 set by the World Health Organisation. " 01/01/2020 - "Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis." 01/01/2014 - "New treatment options for Ascaris infections are urgently needed, to reduce reliance on the limited number of synthetic anthelmintic drugs. " 01/01/2013 - "New strategies to control Ascaris infections are needed largely due to reduced treatment efficacies of current anthelmintics in the field, the threat of resistance development, and the general lack of new drug development for intestinal soil-transmitted helminths for humans and animals. " 07/01/2000 - "The anthelmintic effects of CK-I were examined in mice with cyphaciasis and in chickens with ascariasis and heterakiasis. "
6.	oxantelIBA 01/01/1978 - "The best results were obtained using oxantel, either alone or in combination with pyrantel, at 15 to 20mg/kg. Only 2 of 152 patients with ascariasis were not cured after a single dose of pyrantel (given as oxantel-pyrantel) of 10, 15 or 20mg/kg, and both these patients were from the group given the lowest dose. " 01/01/1978 - "In a pilot study in 17 children, oxantel-pyrantel as one single dose of 10 to 20mg/kg of each, gave good results in ascariasis but poor cure rates in both trichuriasis and necatoriasis. " 01/01/1978 - "204 individuals from a rural community were given a single dose of oxantel-pyrantel at 15mg/kg bodyweight and if still infected, 20mg/kg bodyweight, with cure rates of 100%, 53% and 71% for ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infection, respectively. " 12/01/1977 - "The results of the trial were summarized as follows: 1. The cure rates (egg negative conversion rates) and egg reduction rates for oxantel/pyrantel tablets were 85.3% and 97% in trichuriasis, 100% each in ascariasis and ancylostomiasis. " 01/01/1978 - "32 elementary school children were treated for multiple intestinal helminthiasis (ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infections) with a combination of the pamoate salts of oxantel and pyrantel in a dose of 15 to 20mg/kg body weight of each in 1 daily dose for 3 consecutive days. "
7.	Praziquantel (Biltricide)FDA Link 01/01/1994 - "The authors point to high efficacy of the drugs mebendazol, albendazol, medaminol (against ancylostomiasis, ascariasis, trichocephaliasis), praziquantel (against schistosomiasis and hymenolepiasis)." 03/01/2002 - "Comparative clinical studies of nitazoxanide, albendazole and praziquantel in the treatment of ascariasis, trichuriasis and hymenolepiasis in children from Peru." 05/15/1987 - "Mebendazole can be used against numerous nematode-infections (Ascariasis, Trichuriasis, Oxyuriasis, Ancylostomiasis), Niclosamide against cestode-infections (Taeniasis, Hymenolepiasis, Diphyllobothriasis), whereas, Praziquantel is applied against trematode-infections." 03/01/2002 - "Three randomized clinical studies were conducted in 2000 to evaluate the efficacy of nitazoxanide paediatric suspension compared to albendazole in the treatment of ascariasis and trichuriasis and praziquantel in the treatment of hymenolepiasis in children from Cajamarca, Peru. " 10/01/2001 - "Examples include thiabendazole for cutaneous larva migrans, mebendazole for ascariasis, trichiuriasis and hookworm, albendazole for inoperable cases of cystic hydatid disease, DEC for Toxocara induced visceral larva migrans and loiasis, ivermectin for onchocerciasis, praziquantel for schistosomiasis and niridazole for Dracunculus medinensis. "
8.	Pyrantel Pamoate (Pyrantel Embonate)IBA 01/01/2020 - "Pregnant women with ascariasis should be treated with pyrantel pamoate. " 03/01/1993 - "The drugs were prescribed in a single dose of 10 mg/kg. No significant differences in the efficacies of the drugs were revealed: combatrin and embovin efficacies in ascariasis were 94.3 and 98.0%, respectively (p > 0.05), in ankylostomiasis 76.3 and 58.3%, respectively (p > 0.05)." 09/01/1975 - "With pyrantel pamoate administered in one oral dose of 10 mg by kg of weight, results are excellent in ascariasis with 97-7 0/0 success. " 09/15/1974 - "[Use of pyrantel embonate (Combantrin) in the treatment of ascariasis in children]." 10/01/1972 - "Treatment of ascariasis with pyrantel pamoate in Iran."
9.	PiperazineIBA 03/31/1962 - "An improved piperazine preparation in the treatment of ascariasis." 07/01/1982 - "Piperazine administration decreased the prevalence of ascariasis to 33.8% at the end of the study but growth remained unaltered. " 02/01/1966 - "Field trials with piperazine derivatives against ascariasis in pigs and calves." 12/01/1973 - "[Technical piperazine hexahydrate in ascariasis of chickens]." 02/01/1971 - "[Testing of piperazine dithiocarbamate against ascariasis in chickens]."
10.	TetramisoleIBA 08/01/1970 - "A trial of Ketrax (the laevo-isomer of tetramisole) in the treatment of ascariasis." 10/16/1976 - "Use of tetramisole for mass deworming in a community with heavy ascaris infection." 12/01/1971 - "[Nilverm during neo-ascariasis in calves and buffaloes]." 11/01/1970 - "A clinical trial of tetramisole (R 8299) in cases of ascariasis." 02/01/1970 - "[Treatment of ascariasis using tetramisole. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 07/01/2020 - "Ascariasis should be considered in endemic areas and early endoscopic intervention and medical therapy can be effective for extrahepatic involvement." 01/01/2000 - "The efficacy of the therapy was as follows: ascariasis 97.1%, A. " 01/30/2021 - "Traditional herbal medicine therapy of gallbladder ascariasis: a case report." 07/01/1998 - "All patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde pancreatography for ascariasis of the biliary or pancreatic system unresponsive to standard medical therapy were analysed. " 01/01/1992 - "The usefulness of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of gallbladder ascariasis, and during surveillance in those patients who are managed with medical therapy only, is emphasized."
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/1990 - "After periodic chemotherapy, the prevalence and intensity of Ascaris infection in age-targeted and non-age-targeted groups fell in all the study areas, more markedly among the 1-19- and 1-14-year-olds. " 12/20/2022 - "In the absence of a vaccination strategy, treatment of ascariasis has relied on anthelminthic chemotherapy, but drug resistance is a concern. " 07/14/2014 - "suum, knowledge about the parasite/host relationship in porcine ascariasis at the molecular level is scarce and chemotherapy is the only effective option for parasite control. " 06/01/2012 - "Chemotherapy-based control of ascariasis and hookworm in highly endemic areas of China: field observations and a modeling analysis." 05/01/2003 - "In areas where ascariasis is common, the directly attributable benefits of chemotherapy may be minimal, but it can facilitate the entry of other health care programmes in children, because deworming for ascariasis is often much desired and appreciated by the community. "
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 01/01/1984 - "However other studies in Ethiopia, Bangladesh and Guatemala have not found statistically significant improvements in growth of children after treatment for Ascaris infection, most likely due to inadequacies in choice of population, sample size, experimental design, data analysis and/or relative failure of drug treatment. " 04/01/2001 - "In the following year after treatment on humans, ascariasis among villagers was studied cross-sectionally five times with Kato-katz technique. " 09/01/1997 - "The cure rate of Ascaris infection was 97.4% and the egg reduction after treatment was 99.9%. " 01/01/1994 - "The overall cure rate for ascariasis was 93.2% and reduction of egg load after treatment was 89.8% in persistent positive cases. " 09/01/1980 - "Absorption of macronutrients from a rice-vegetable diet before and after treatment of ascariasis in children."
4.	Conservative Treatment 01/01/2023 - "Conservative treatment is the treatment of choice for uncomplicated biliary ascariasis patients." 08/01/2021 - "Successful Conservative Management of Uncomplicated Gallbladder Ascariasis." 01/13/2018 - "Gallbladder ascariasis in Kosovo - focus on ultrasound and conservative therapy: a case series." 06/01/2013 - "We describe a case of the successful treatment of gallbladder ascariasis with conservative therapy. " 07/01/2011 - "Conservative management appears to be the treatment of choice for hepatobiliary ascariasis."
5.	Enema (Enemas) 09/01/1999 - "Hypertonic saline enema in gastrointestinal ascariasis." 09/01/1999 - "The use of hypertonic saline enema is safe and effective in the conservative treatment of gastrointestinal ascariasis. "