Apolipoproteins E (ApoE)

A class of protein components which can be found in several lipoproteins including HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; and CHYLOMICRONS. Synthesized in most organs, Apo E is important in the global transport of lipids and cholesterol throughout the body. Apo E is also a ligand for LDL receptors (RECEPTORS, LDL) that mediates the binding, internalization, and catabolism of lipoprotein particles in cells. There are several allelic isoforms (such as E2, E3, and E4). Deficiency or defects in Apo E are causes of HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE III.

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Networked: 13972 relevant articles (490 outcomes, 2571 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: 84 articles (09/2022 - 03/2012)
2.	Blennow, Kaj: 82 articles (03/2022 - 04/2003)
3.	Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: 78 articles (01/2022 - 04/2009)
4.	Bennett, David A: 68 articles (11/2022 - 05/2004)
5.	Zetterberg, Henrik: 68 articles (04/2022 - 05/2004)
6.	Holtzman, David M: 68 articles (02/2022 - 04/2002)
7.	Scheltens, Philip: 59 articles (01/2022 - 03/2002)
8.	Weber, Christian: 57 articles (10/2022 - 11/2003)
9.	Petersen, Ronald C: 55 articles (01/2022 - 11/2002)
10.	Reiman, Eric M: 48 articles (02/2022 - 06/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Atherosclerosis 01/01/2006 - "There was an important strain-dependence of the effect, with no protection against atherosclerosis in apoE(-/-) mice." 01/01/2022 - "In an ApoE-/- mouse model of atherosclerosis, treatment with CDNPs significantly improves the anti-atherosclerotic efficacy of CD. " 01/01/2022 - "More importantly, the ART and PC co-loaded nanocomplexes showed the high efficacy against atherosclerosis of ApoE-/- mice model with both 8-week low dosage treatment or 1-week high dosage treatment. " 04/01/2017 - "Here we show that Batf3-/-Apoe-/- mice, lacking CD8α+ DCs, exhibited a significant reduction in atherogenesis and T help 1 (Th1) cells compared with Apoe-/- controls. " 01/01/2017 - "P2Y2R deficiency in ApoE-/- mice caused extensive intimal calcification despite a significant reduction in atherosclerosis and macrophage plaque content. "
2.	Alzheimer Disease (Alzheimer's Disease) 07/01/2004 - "Thus, Apoe seems to be important in the degradation and clearance of deposited Abeta species by astrocytes, a process that may be impaired in Alzheimer disease." 01/01/2021 - "However, while the APOE ε4 allele confers significantly increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), the APOE ε2 allele is hypothesized to be protective against the development of AD. " 12/12/2019 - "High-fat diets increase risk for Alzheimer's disease, but individuals with the risk gene APOE ε4 (E4) paradoxically have improved memory soon after high fat feeding. " 05/01/2016 - "Genetic variants identified through large-scale genome-wide association studies have not substantially improved the accuracy provided by APOE genotype to identify people at high risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). " 06/01/2004 - "Risk and protective effects of the APOE gene towards Alzheimer's disease in the Kungsholmen project: variation by age and sex."
3.	Inflammation (Inflammations) 01/01/2012 - "Treatment with apoE mimetics significantly improved behavior, reduced inflammation and reduced pathology in CVND-AD mice. " 04/01/2012 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of different PD and PT combination ratios on liver inflammation and apoptosis in hyperlipidemic apo E KO mice. " 10/01/2023 - "The study identifies the APOE ε4-specific CRP-C3-CFH inflammation pathway for AD, suggesting potential drug targets for the disease.Highlights" 06/01/2023 - "In conclusion, our study indicated that Rab27a deficiency attenuated foam cell formation and macrophage inflammation, depending on the NF-κB pathway activation, to inhibit AS progression in uremic apoE-/- mice. " 01/01/2023 - "Our study suggests that blood ApoE protects against AD pathogenesis by binding to LRP1 during peripheral chronic inflammation."
4.	Atherosclerotic Plaque (Atheroma) 01/01/2022 - "In vivo study showed that the improved biocompatibility and immune-escape ability of nanocomplexes allowed less drug clearance during the circulation and high drug accumulation in the atherosclerotic plaque of ApoE-/- mice model. " 12/01/2017 - "ApoE-/- mice treated with SA demonstrated a significant reduction in atherosclerotic plaque area in the whole aorta and aortic sinus compared with vehicle-treated mice. " 06/15/2012 - "A significant reduction in T-lymphocytes and macrophages was noted in the atheromas of the ApoE(-/-)/Kit(W-sh/W-sh) mice. " 01/01/2019 - "Additionally, it seems that improved function of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) also accounts for the diminished and more stable atherosclerotic plaques observed in ApoE-/-IRF1-/- mice. " 01/01/2021 - "Modulation of Peripheral CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells Ameliorates Surgical Stress-Induced Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression in ApoE-Deficient Mice."
5.	Dementia (Dementias) 01/01/2021 - "Plasma GFAP predicted subsequent conversion to AD dementia with an AUC of 0.84 (95% CI 0.77-0.91), which was not significantly improved when adding APOE ε4 or age as predictors to the model. " 01/01/2022 - "Education and cardiovascular health were associated with lower dementia risk regardless of APOE genotype, though the protective effects of education were somewhat diminished among ε4 carriers." 01/01/2020 - "However, to date, only two genes have been consistently associated with longevity in humans: APOE and FOXO3, with the APOE ɛ2 allele also protective against dementia. " 07/01/2006 - "In this study, we improved the nonisotopic PCR-SSCP method for determining APOE genotypes in 42 cases of AD patients, 40 cases of non-AD dementia patients, and 49 cases of age-matched controls. " 01/01/2017 - "In the ApoE ε3/ε3 group, all patients remained cognitively stable or improved; in the ApoE ε3/ε4 group, 1 recovered from dementia, but 3 lapsed into dementia. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Apolipoproteins
2.	Lipids
3.	Cholesterol
4.	Peptides (Polypeptides)
5.	Lipoproteins (Lipoprotein)
6.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
7.	Glucose (Dextrose)
8.	Amyloid (Amyloid Fibrils)
9.	Apolipoprotein E4
10.	oxidized low density lipoprotein

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Ligation
3.	Transplantation
4.	Intravenous Administration
5.	Bone Marrow Transplantation (Transplantation, Bone Marrow)