Local Anesthetics

Drugs that block nerve conduction when applied locally to nerve tissue in appropriate concentrations. They act on any part of the nervous system and on every type of nerve fiber. In contact with a nerve trunk, these anesthetics can cause both sensory and motor paralysis in the innervated area. Their action is completely reversible. (From Gilman AG, et. al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed) Nearly all local anesthetics act by reducing the tendency of voltage-dependent sodium channels to activate.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1332 relevant articles (103 outcomes, 117 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Manchikanti, Laxmaiah: 7 articles (01/2015 - 10/2006)
2.	de Paula, Eneida: 6 articles (12/2012 - 10/2005)
3.	Strichartz, Gary R: 5 articles (05/2015 - 09/2002)
4.	Benyamin, Ramsin M: 5 articles (01/2015 - 05/2012)
5.	Hollmann, M W: 5 articles (05/2014 - 07/2000)
6.	Rathmell, James P: 4 articles (09/2015 - 12/2005)
7.	Durieux, Marcel E: 4 articles (05/2013 - 06/2003)
8.	Abdi, Salahadin: 4 articles (07/2012 - 01/2009)
9.	Diwan, Sudhir: 4 articles (07/2012 - 01/2009)
10.	Mizogami, Maki: 4 articles (01/2012 - 05/2005)

Related Diseases

1.	Pain (Aches) 06/01/2000 - "Local anesthetics are often extremely useful in the management of acute, chronic, and procedural pain. " 06/01/2006 - "In conclusion, AO patients experienced significant, but not complete, pain relief from administration of local anesthetics compared with placebo. " 07/01/2009 - "Interscalene and subacromial infusion of local anesthetics have both been shown to be effective in alleviating pain after shoulder arthroscopy. " 08/01/2007 - "Both local anesthetics were effective in reducing pain from the initial injection of the local anesthetics to the insertion of the 18-gauge needle (P = .000)." 05/01/1998 - "In the meantime, the amide local anesthetics will continue to serve dentists and their patients by providing safe and effective control of pain to facilitate ever-advancing surgical and restorative techniques."
2.	Postoperative Pain 01/01/1992 - "Long-acting local anesthetics have proved to be effective for the suppression of both intraoperative and postoperative pain. " 03/01/2007 - "Intraperitoneal local anesthetics have been investigated in several laparoscopic procedures that demonstrate improved postoperative pain control and reduced length of hospital stay. " 04/01/2000 - "In a systematic review, we evaluated randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of peripheral local anesthetics (LA) compared with placebo or no treatment in the control of postoperative pain after laparoscopic surgery. " 10/01/2015 - "Local anesthetics are speculated to reduce postoperative pain when placed at the surgical site. " 07/01/2015 - "Local anesthetics (LA) are among the drugs most frequently used for musculoskeletal problems, in procedures ranging from diagnosis to postoperative pain control. "
3.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma) 03/01/1991 - "It has been shown that fractionated intrapleural administration of local anesthetics is an effective and safe analgesic technique after thoracic surgery and in chest trauma." 06/01/2010 - "The results of the present study did not show any antimicrobial activity of above-mentioned local anesthetics in surgically created wounds of rats." 10/01/1966 - "[Experimental histological study of the action of local anesthetics on injuries of the soft tissues]." 01/01/2013 - "The operations were performed by retrograde facial nerve dissection after superficial cervical plexus block and incision wound infiltration with local anesthetics. " 03/01/2012 - "Puncture with a 29G needle causes less injuries and minimal functional changes of the spinal cord, which can serve as a new means for studying spinal neurotoxicity of local anesthetics."
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 05/01/2015 - "In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that local anesthetics inhibit proliferation and migration of cancer cells and induce apoptosis. " 07/01/2012 - "In the present study, the cytotoxicity of a total of seven local anesthetics towards oral tumor and normal cells was compared. " 01/01/2013 - "Blockade of these channels by local anesthetics may help inhibit tumor progression. " 07/01/2012 - "Local anesthetics are often administered to tumors and surrounding tissues during the surgery of the head and neck area, however their effects on oral tissues is not well understood. " 07/01/2012 - "Cytotoxicity and type of cell death induced by local anesthetics in human oral normal and tumor cells."
5.	Neuralgia (Stump Neuralgia) 09/01/2002 - "Low concentrations of local anesthetics, often effective in treating experimental and clinical neuropathic pain, are also known to potently suppress the long after-depolarizations induced by these persistently open Na channels. " 06/01/1995 - "We examined the efficacy of systemic local anesthetics on various types of neuropathic pain in 89 patients. " 09/01/2007 - "Brain microinjection studies in the rat using local anesthetics suggest that the rostral ventral medulla (RVM) contributes to the facilitation of neuropathic pain. " 04/01/1992 - "Clinical and laboratory studies using intravenously administered local anesthetics or antiarrhythmic agents support the use of these drugs for the treatment of neuropathic pain. " 06/01/1991 - "Local Anesthetics for Neuralgia Study Group."

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7.	Antidepressive Agents (Antidepressants)
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9.	Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
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Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Analgesia
2.	Injections
3.	Catheters
4.	Nerve Block (Nerve Blocks)
5.	Anesthesia