Refractory Anemia

03/01/2015 - "Although oral iron is widely used, intravenous iron therapy should be considered in patients who are intolerant to oral iron therapy, have severe and refractory anemia or are in active disease state. "
01/01/2015 - "Deregulation of genes related to iron and mitochondrial metabolism in refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts."
03/01/2011 - "Loss of ABCB7 gene: pathogenesis of mitochondrial iron accumulation in erythroblasts in refractory anemia with ringed sideroblast with isodicentric (X)(q13)."
01/01/2008 - "The role of the iron transporter ABCB7 in refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts."
01/01/2002 - "Such assessment shows that this abnormal mitochondrial iron accumulation is not confined to the refractory anemia with ring sideroblast (RARS) subtype of MDS and may also contribute to numerous underlying MDS pathophysiological processes. "

01/01/1988 - "Efficacy of low-dose Aracytine in 3 cases of refractory anemia in transformation in children."
12/01/1988 - "We treated six patients with refractory anemia with excess of blast in transformation (RAEBiT) with low dose cytosine arabinoside (LD Ara-C). "
01/01/1988 - "A treatment with cytosine arabinoside in low doses is administered to 3 children affected by refractory anemia with myeloblast in transformation. "
04/01/1986 - "Response of refractory anemia to low-dose cytosine arabinoside."
03/01/2012 - "Fourteen patients received high-dose cytarabine according to the Capizzi II regimen as first-line induction therapy with 13 of them achieving complete remission (CR) or refractory anemia (RA) with persistent cytogenetic abnormalities after this treatment. "

04/01/1993 - "In a more limited study of cells from patients with MDS, it was noted that if the CFU-GM of that patient did not respond to SLF enhancement of CSF-induced colony formation, neither did the erythropoietin (Epo)-dependent erythroid (BFU-E) or multipotential (CFU-GEMM) cells of that patient (3 cases of refractory anemia [RA] evaluating bone marrow and in 1 case blood progenitors as well). "
11/01/2009 - "Erythropoietin refractory anemias represent a continuing and increasing burden on the healthcare system. "
03/01/2004 - "Patients belonging to the refractory anemia (RA) subtype are usually treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO). "
09/01/2000 - "Dogs with primary refractory anemia tend to have prolonged survival and respond to erythropoietin treatment, whereas dogs with primary myelodysplasia have short survival and do not respond to standard treatments."
12/01/1999 - "The inclusion criteria were age >= 18 years, refractory anemia (RA) or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts, Hb <= 100 g/L or receiving transfusions and serum erythropoietin <= 250 U/L. "

07/01/1998 - "We have evaluated the efficacy of single-agent topotecan, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, in patients with MDS (refractory anemia with excess blasts [RAEB] and refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation [RAEB-T]) and CMML. "
09/01/1998 - "Topotecan and retinoids are among the most promising agents being evaluated for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB), and refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-t). "
03/01/2006 - "This phase II trial investigated the safety and preliminary efficacy of a topotecan/thalidomide combination therapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome who had refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB), RAEB with transformation, or chronic myelomonocytic anemia. "
12/15/2001 - "Comparison of idarubicin + ara-C-, fludarabine + ara-C-, and topotecan + ara-C-based regimens in treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, or refractory anemia with excess blasts."
12/15/2001 - "It has been unclear whether regimens containing topotecan + ara-C (TA) or fludarabine + ara-C (FA) +/- idarubicin are superior to regimens containing idarubicin + ara-C (IA) without either fludarabine or topotecan for treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-t), or RAEB. "

02/01/1999 - "Complete remission of refractory anemia following a single high dose of cyclophosphamide."
02/01/1999 - "We describe a case of stable complete remission in a patient with refractory anemia complicated by severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia, achieved with a single high dose (4 g/m2) of cyclophosphamide (cyclo). "
04/01/1992 - "Two cases of refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-t) were conditioned with cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation (1400 cGy) and were treated with FLI. "
07/01/1997 - "A 24-year-old male with myelodysplastic syndrome (refractory anemia) was treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from HLA-identical brother on September 9, 1994, after conditioning with busulfan and cyclophosphamide. "
04/01/1997 - "The subtype of the disease was refractory anemia (RA) in 4, RA with excess blasts (RAEB) in 4, RAEB in transformation (RAEB-T) in 1, and juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia (JCML) in 1. All patients were conditioned with high-dose cytosine arabinoside (12000 mg/m2), cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg) and either total body irradiation (10-13.2 Gy) or busulfan (16 mg/kg or 560 mg/m2). "

11/01/2008 - "In conclusion, hemodialysis patients with refractory anemia and adequate iron stores, vitamin C improved responsiveness to Epo by augmenting iron mobilization and possibly via antioxidant effect."
04/01/2006 - "In hemodialysis patients with refractory anemia and hyperferritinemia, vitamin C improved responsiveness to EPO, either by augmenting iron mobilization from its tissue stores or through antioxidant effects."
01/01/1982 - "Effect of subcutaneous deferoxamine and oral vitamin C on iron excretion in congenital hypoplastic anemia and refractory anemia associated with the 5q-syndrome."

05/01/2005 - "[Immunosuppressive therapy of refractory anemia--clinical trials of cyclosporin A therapy in Japan]."
02/01/2000 - "Prolonged response to cyclosporin-A in hypoplastic refractory anemia and correlation with in vitro studies."
10/01/2004 - "[Clinical report on treatment of 7 patients with refractory anemia by using cyclosporin A]."
02/01/2004 - "Spontaneous remission of Epstein-Barr virus-negative non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after withdrawal of cyclosporine in a patient with refractory anemia."
09/01/2005 - "We evaluated response to cyclosporin A (CyA) in 19 cases with MDS who were enrolled for the study [13 refractory anemia (RA), 5 refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB), and 1 refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS)]. "

06/01/1988 - "[Therapy of the preleukemic state: effect of androgens on refractory anemia]."
12/01/1979 - "Refractory anemia with excess of blast cells: prognostic factors and effect of treatment with androgens or cytosine arabinoside. "
12/10/1966 - "[The treatment of refractory anemia with androgens and anabolic steroids]."
12/01/2004 - "The study was aimed to explore clinical result of cyclosporin A (CsA) and androgens for treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with refractory anemia. "
12/01/2004 - "To explore therapeutic efficacy of androgens and low dose all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients, 55 patients of MDS were observed, including 41 cases of refractory anemia (RA), 11 cases of refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB), 2 cases of refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation (RAEB-t) and 1 case of chronic myeloic-monocytic leukemia (CMML). "

01/01/2012 - "G-CSF and EPO in combination can improve outcomes in appropriate MDS patients such as those with lower-risk MDS and refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS) . "
05/01/2001 - "Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor inhibits Fas-triggered apoptosis in bone marrow cells isolated from patients with refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts."
03/01/1995 - "We report a patient with refractory anemia with excess blasts who showed a lineage-unrestricted hematologic response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). "
03/01/1995 - "Lineage-unrestricted hematologic response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in a patient with refractory anemia with excess blasts."
09/01/2002 - "There were higher response rates for refractory anemia (RA) (45%), ringed sideroblasts (RARS) (47%), and excess of blasts (RAEB) (38%) compared with blasts in transformation (RAEBT) (17%) for the treatment with EPO plus G-CSF. "

06/01/2013 - "Early failure to ESA and a baseline diagnosis of refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB)-1 were independent prognostic factors for AML progression and, along with trisomy 8, for shorter OS. "
12/01/2003 - "Bone marrow aspirates obtained in January 1995 showed refractory anemia with trisomy 8, a subtype of MDS. "
10/01/1999 - "A man with refractory anemia and trisomy 8 complained of repeated febrile episodes. "
10/01/1998 - "We describe a case of refractory anemia associated with trisomy 8 and a derivative chromosome 22 resulting from t(1;22)(q11;q11.2). "
06/01/1997 - "In the first group, patients with very poor prognosis (refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in leukemic transformation, trisomy 8, multiple karyotypic abnormalities) were present, although patients with aberrations of karyotype were present in the second group. "

04/01/2010 - "Patients with AML or refractory anemia with excess blasts in first complete remission attained after intensive induction chemotherapy were randomized between 3 cycles of GO (6 mg/m(2) every 4 weeks) or no postremission therapy (control) to assess whether GO would improve outcome. "
02/01/2011 - "We describe an episode of Leptotrichia trevisanii bacteraemia in a neutropenic hemato-oncology patient receiving chemotherapy for Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts-2 (RAEB-2). "
06/01/2002 - "They consisted of two refractory anemia (RA) and two patients with refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEBt) at the time of MDS diagnosis, but all of them developed leukemic phase and were resistant to chemotherapy at the time of pulmonary episodes. "
08/01/2000 - "In a large population with HR MDS treated with high-dose chemotherapy, only 5% of patients were alive at 3 years, and a majority of survivors were the younger patients with diploid karyotype refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation. "
07/01/1997 - "We present a case of refractory anemia that transformed into ALL two months after diagnosis and was successfully treated with conventional chemotherapy. "

07/01/2013 - "Protein-energy wasting, inflammation and refractory anemia are common in long-term hemodialysis patients. "
05/01/2003 - "This article describes a 35-year-old uremic Taiwanese who was admitted to our hospital with refractory hypertension and refractory anemia following chronic hemodialysis for more than two years. "
06/01/1990 - "Hemodynamic and volume changes induced by recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) treatment were investigated in 12 chronic hemodialysis patients with refractory anemia. "
04/01/2011 - "These results support the hypothesis that altitude-induced hypoxia reduces erythropoietin requirements in hemodialysis patients with treatment-refractory anemia."
07/01/1991 - "We studied the feasibility of treating refractory anemia and post-transfusional serious hemochromatosis in a patient undergoing hemodialysis (3x4 h weekly) for fourteen years, with recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) associated with blood-letting. "

07/01/2006 - "With a median follow-up of 3.7 years after transplantation in the 19 surviving patients (37%), Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival were 88%, 46%, 33%, and 11% for patients transplanted with sAML in remission, refractory anemia, refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, or sAML refractory/untreated, respectively. "
01/01/2003 - "Patients were low-risk if they had AML in CR1, CML in first chronic phase, refractory anemia, or NHL in remission or sensitive relapse at the time of transplantation. "
12/01/2011 - "A 4-year-old girl with refractory anemia with excess blasts type-2 was diagnosed with CIHHV-6 before a cord blood transplantation. "
02/01/2011 - "The diagnoses at transplantation included refractory anemia with excess blasts (n=7) and MDS-related secondary AML (sAML) (n=26). "
06/01/2005 - "Unrelated cord blood transplantation after myeloablative conditioning for adult patients with refractory anemia."

06/01/2004 - "Combined stratification of refractory anemia according to both WHO and IPSS criteria has a prognostic impact and improves identification of patients who may benefit from stem cell transplantation."
01/01/2007 - "An antecedent diagnosis of refractory anemia with excess blasts has no influence on mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells and hematopoietic recovery after autologous stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia."
08/01/2015 - "According to current guidelines on therapeutic strategies for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), cytoreductive therapies before allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) are not widely recommended for patients with high-risk MDS or refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) who are eligible for allogeneic SCT because of controversial evidence on the role of such therapies. "
02/01/2010 - "Pregnancy in a woman with polycystic ovary syndrome and myelodysplastic syndrome (in the form of refractory anemia) treated with allogeneic hemopoietic stem-cell transplantation (alloHSCT)."
01/01/2007 - "On the contrary, data from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are very limited, in particular, as the impact of an antecedent diagnosis of refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) on mobilization of PBSCs as well as hematopoietic recovery after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is concerned. "

04/01/2014 - "She revealed refractory anemia and required frequent blood transfusion. "
12/01/2013 - "Diaphyseal dysplasia with refractory anemia requiring blood transfusion is a relatively new entity having possible autosomal recessive inheritance. "
05/01/2011 - "Historically, these patients have required numerous and frequent blood transfusions and suffer end-organ damage resultant from their refractory anemia. "
08/01/2000 - "She was diagnosed as having MDS-refractory anemia and was given blood transfusions to maintain blood cell counts at acceptable levels. "
10/01/1996 - "Assays of plasma viral load were performed before and after transfusion in nine HIV-1-infected patients who required blood transfusion for refractory anemia. "