Ancrod (Arvin)

An enzyme fraction from the venom of the Malayan pit viper, Agkistrodon rhodostoma. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of a number of amino acid esters and a limited proteolysis of fibrinogen. It is used clinically to produce controlled defibrination in patients requiring anticoagulant therapy. EC 3.4.21.-.

Also Known As:

Networked: 194 relevant articles (19 outcomes, 33 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Levy, David E: 5 articles (11/2011 - 02/2002)
2.	Wasiewski, Warren W: 3 articles (12/2009 - 01/2009)
3.	Nielsen, Vance G: 2 articles (02/2017 - 08/2016)
4.	Demaerschalk, Bart M: 2 articles (12/2009 - 05/2009)
5.	Demchuk, Andrew M: 2 articles (12/2009 - 05/2009)
6.	Kaste, Markku: 2 articles (12/2009 - 05/2009)
7.	Pancioli, Arthur M: 2 articles (12/2009 - 05/2009)
8.	del Zoppo, Gregory J: 2 articles (12/2009 - 05/2009)
9.	Trammel, James: 2 articles (05/2009 - 01/2009)
10.	Strickland, Sidney: 2 articles (08/2007 - 04/2004)

Related Diseases

1.	Thrombosis (Thrombus) 01/01/1985 - "After ancrod, striking resolution of microvascular thrombosis occurred, which was associated with some improvement in renal function and blood pressure control. " 01/15/1996 - "The effect of ancrod-induced defibrinogenation on thrombosis and bleeding time was determined in anesthetized rats. " 02/01/1995 - "Enhancement of plasma fibrinolytic activity by ancrod had no influence on thrombus lysis and was not all affected by administration of D370.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)" 02/01/1995 - "In order to provide further support for such a mechanism, we exploited the defibrinating capacity of ancrod to obtain a thrombosis model characterized by the lack of thrombus growth and thus sensitive only to agents promoting thrombus lysis. " 04/01/1994 - "Ancrod provides a reasonable therapeutic option if thrombosis does occur."
2.	Stroke (Strokes) 05/01/1990 - "The biological effect of fibrinolysis in ancrod infused patients was demonstrated by a greater improvement in stroke score when compared to those infused with saline." 08/01/2016 - "However, ancrod eventually was found to not be of clinical utility in large scale stroke trial, resulting in the eventual discontinuation of the administration of the drug for any indication. " 05/01/2009 - "Placebo data from the Stroke Treatment with Ancrod Trial (STAT) and European Stroke Treatment with Ancrod Trial (ESTAT) were analyzed. " 01/01/2009 - "This post hoc analysis of data from the Stroke Treatment with Ancrod Trial (STAT) analyzed ancrod-related variables as potential determinants of efficacy or safety. " 11/25/2006 - "The European Stroke Treatment with Ancrod Trial was undertaken to assess the effects of ancrod when given within 6 h. "
3.	Ischemic Stroke 09/01/1994 - "Ancrod appears safe and potentially effective when administered to patients within 6 hours of onset of ischemic stroke." 01/01/1997 - "These activities suggest that treating patients with acute ischaemic stroke with ancrod might result in improved cerebral blood flow and patient outcome. " 12/01/2009 - "Five hundred subjects with acute ischemic stroke who could begin receiving study material within 6 hours of symptom onset were infused intravenously with either ancrod (0.167 IU/kg per hour) or placebo over 2 or 3 hours. " 12/01/2009 - "Previous studies of multiple-day dosing with the defibrinogenating agent, ancrod, in acute ischemic stroke yielded conflicting results but suggested that a brief dosing regimen might improve efficacy and safety. " 05/10/2000 - "In this study, ancrod had a favorable benefit-risk profile for patients with acute ischemic stroke."
4.	Venous Thrombosis (Deep-Vein Thrombosis) 09/01/1987 - "Defibrination with ancrod is effective in prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis but its role in arterial disease is unproven. " 01/01/1982 - "Subcutaneous ancrod in prevention of deep vein thrombosis after hip replacement surgery." 01/06/1979 - "Subcutaneous ancrod in prevention of deep-vein thrombosis." 10/01/1978 - "Prevention of deep vein thrombosis by subcutaneous ancrod." 09/30/1978 - "Subcutaneous ancrod in prevention of deep-vein thrombosis after operation for fractured neck of femur."
5.	Hemorrhage 12/01/1991 - "Nurses must assess ancrod study patients for potential bleeding problems. " 01/01/1998 - "In contrast, significant reductions in the volumes of ICH were observed suggesting favorable influence of ancrod in the event of intracranial bleeding in rats." 01/01/1998 - "Because ancrod has been shown to produce rapid defibrinogenation, we investigated the effects of this agent in a rat model of intracranial bleeding using noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). " 08/01/1997 - "None of the ancrod-treated rats showed evidence of intracerebral bleeding on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images taken after 24 h. " 09/01/1994 - "No increase in bleeding occurred in the ancrod-treated patients. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Heparin (Liquaemin)
2.	Fibrinogen (Factor I)
3.	Anticoagulants
4.	Fibrin
5.	Enzymes
6.	Indicators and Reagents (Reagents)
7.	Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)
8.	Hirudins
9.	Ancrod (Arvin)
10.	Streptokinase

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Coronary Artery Bypass (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery)
3.	Intravenous Injections
4.	Thrombolytic Therapy
5.	Injections