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Amsacrine (AMSA)

Aminoacridine derivative that is a potent intercalating antineoplastic agent. It is effective in the treatment of acute leukemias and malignant lymphomas, but has poor activity in the treatment of solid tumors. It is frequently used in combination with other antineoplastic agents in chemotherapy protocols. It produces consistent but acceptable myelosuppression and cardiotoxic effects.

Also Known As:

AMSA; AMSA P-D; Amsacrina; Amsidine; Amsidyl; Cain's Acridine; Gödecke Brand of Amsacrine; NSC-141549; NSC-156303; NSC-249992; Parke Davis Brand of Amsacrine; Parke Davis Brand of Amsacrine Lactate; SN-11841; SN11841; meta-AMSA; AMSA P D; AMSA PD; Acridine, Cain's; Amsacrine Gödecke Brand; Cain Acridine; Cains Acridine; NSC 141549; NSC 156303; NSC 249992; NSC141549; NSC156303; NSC249992; SN 11841; meta AMSA; m-AMSA; Methanesulfonamide, N-(4-(9-acridinylamino)-3-methoxyphenyl)-

Networked: 504 relevant articles (47 outcomes, 144 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Indik, Julia H: 7 articles (07/2015 - 07/2008)
2.	Kern, Karl B: 5 articles (07/2015 - 07/2008)
3.	McGovern, Meghan: 3 articles (07/2015 - 09/2014)
4.	Conover, Zacherie: 3 articles (07/2015 - 09/2014)
5.	Allen, Daniel: 3 articles (03/2015 - 12/2009)
6.	Neubauer, Andreas: 3 articles (06/2013 - 08/2002)
7.	Tang, Wanchun: 3 articles (12/2011 - 04/2002)
8.	Weil, Max Harry: 3 articles (12/2011 - 04/2002)
9.	Spaite, Daniel W: 2 articles (07/2015 - 09/2014)
10.	Silver, Annemarie E: 2 articles (07/2015 - 09/2014)

Related Diseases

1.	Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Acute Myelogenous Leukemia) 05/01/1983 - "Case of refractory acute myeloblastic leukemia who achieved complete remission by a new anti-leukemic agent, 4'-(9-acridinylamino) methanesulfon-m-anisidide (AMSA)." 10/01/1986 - "These studies provide quantitative information on the therapeutic index of AMSA and support the inclusion of this drug in first-line treatment regimens for acute myelocytic leukemia." 10/01/1982 - "We conclude that it is possible to given m-AMSA as a continuous infusion and that studies should be undertaken in patients with acute myelogenous leukemias to compare the efficacy of m-AMSA infusion with conventional bolus administration as a means to enhance the duration of response." 10/01/1986 - "The efficacy of AMSA was evaluated quantitatively in a rat model (BNML) relevant for human acute myelocytic leukemia. " 01/01/1984 - "AMSA: a phase II trial in resistant and recurrent acute myelogenous leukemia."
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/1986 - "Amsacrine (NSC 249 992) is a new anticancer drug which, although effective for the treatment of various disseminated tumors, has shown disappointing activity against most solid tumors. " 07/01/1981 - "m-AMSA is much less effective against cells within these tumor-like structures than it is against exponential-phase V79-171b cells in monolayer cultures, the initial D0 of the survival curve for the latter being approximately 10-fold lower than for the former following a 60-min exposure to the drug. " 06/01/1988 - "These drugs, including m-AMSA and VP16-23, are proving useful in the treatment of several neoplasms." 07/01/1981 - "The use of sequential trypsinization techniques to recover cells at varying depths within spheroids demonstrates that a 60-min m-AMSA treatment preferentially kills cells nearest the spheroid surface, suggesting that tumor cells at a distance from the vasculature may limit the efficacy of m-AMSA in vivo." 10/01/1997 - "Results of amsacrine studies in different solid tumors with a dose of 85 mg/m2/24 h x 1 quo 3 weeks have been, in general, disappointing. "
3.	Leukemia 02/01/1984 - "Prediction of complete remission in patients with refractory acute leukemia treated with AMSA." 07/01/1980 - "4'-(9-Acridinylamino) methanesulfon-m-anisidide (AMSA): a new drug effective in the treatment of adult acute leukemia." 09/15/1991 - "Amsacrine is safe and effective therapy for patients with myocardial dysfunction and acute leukemia." 07/01/1985 - "We conclude that amsacrine as a single agent is not a useful treatment for relapsed, heavily pretreated adult and pediatric acute leukemia." 11/01/1983 - "This cooperative group pilot study confirms previous reports from single institutions that amsacrine is a useful drug in the treatment of refractory adult acute leukemia and is worthy of further study."
4.	Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia) 01/01/1991 - "Effects of amsacrine in combination with other anticancer agents in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells in culture." 11/01/1982 - "Treatment of refractory adult lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with 4'(9-acridinylamino) methanesulfon-M-anisidide (AMSA)." 08/01/1988 - "Thirty-six patients with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and four with primary refractory ALL were treated with a regimen that included amsacrine, 200 mg/m2, intravenously daily for three days with cytarabine, 3 gm/m2, by infusion over three hours daily for five days. " 08/01/1988 - "Amsacrine with high-dose cytarabine is highly effective therapy for refractory and relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults." 12/01/1986 - "High-dose cytosine arabinoside with amsacrine for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia."
5.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis) 10/01/1997 - "High dose amsacrine seems to be a toxic, but very effective drug as first-line treatment for poorly differentiated carcinoma of meso and hypopharynx, and further studies seem warranted." 10/01/1997 - "Thus, in the second step of this study, high dose amsacrine was evaluated in the target group of previously untreated patients with advanced grade III/IV carcinoma of meso and hypopharynx. " 10/01/1997 - "A two-step reevaluation of high-dose amsacrine for advanced carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract: a pilot phase II study." 05/01/1985 - "Phase II study of amsacrine in gastric carcinoma: a southwest oncology group study." 11/01/1984 - "Phase II trial of amsacrine in pancreatic carcinoma: a Southwest Oncology Group study."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Cytarabine (Cytosar-U)
2.	Amsacrine (AMSA)
3.	Daunorubicin (Cerubidine)
4.	Etoposide (VP 16)
5.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
6.	Prednisone (Sone)
7.	Vincristine (Oncovin)
8.	Mitoxantrone (Novantrone)
9.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
10.	asulacrine

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
3.	Heterologous Transplantation (Xenotransplantation)
4.	Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
5.	Anesthesia