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Amitriptyline (Elavil)

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Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.

Also Known As:

Elavil; Endep; Tryptanol; Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Amitrol; Tryptizol; APS Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Alphapharm Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Amineurin; Amitrip; Amitriptylin Desitin; Amitriptylin RPh; Amitriptylin beta; Amitriptylin-neuraxpharm; Amrad Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Anapsique; Apo-Amitriptyline; Apotex Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Bayer Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Betapharm Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Cahill May Roberts Brand of Amitriptyline Embonate; Cahill May Roberts Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; DDSA Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Damilen; Desitin Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Domical; Douglas Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Goldshield Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Hexal Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Krewel Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Laroxyl; Lentizol; Lundbeck Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Merck Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Merck Sharp & Dohme Brand of Amitriptyline Embonate; Merck Sharp & Dohme Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Neuro Hexal Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Novoprotect; Parke Davis Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Protea Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Psicofarma Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Rhône-Poulenc Rorer Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Roche Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Rodleben Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Saroten; Sarotex; Syneudon; Triptafen; Tryptine; Zeneca Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; neuraxpharm Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; Amitriptylin neuraxpharm; Amitriptylinneuraxpharm; Apo Amitriptyline; ApoAmitriptyline; Desitin, Amitriptylin; RPh, Amitriptylin; Rhône Poulenc Rorer Brand of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride; beta, Amitriptylin; 1-Propanamine, 3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo(a,d)cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-N,N-dimethyl-

Networked: 1646 relevant articles (245 outcomes, 307 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Gerner, Peter: 11 articles (09/2007 - 06/2002)
2.	Gulbins, Erich: 10 articles (06/2015 - 01/2008)
3.	Sawynok, Jana: 10 articles (12/2009 - 02/2002)
4.	Wang, Ging Kuo: 10 articles (09/2004 - 06/2002)
5.	Davis, Mark D P: 6 articles (02/2015 - 03/2006)
6.	Kalkan, Sule: 6 articles (01/2011 - 01/2002)
7.	Tuncok, Yesim: 6 articles (01/2011 - 01/2002)
8.	Sandroni, Paola: 5 articles (08/2013 - 03/2006)
9.	Becker, Katrin Anne: 4 articles (06/2015 - 06/2010)
10.	Kalso, Eija: 4 articles (09/2014 - 01/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Pain (Aches) 01/01/2012 - "The analysis showed that even using this potentially biased data, only about 38% of participants benefited with amitriptyline and 16% with placebo; most participants did not get adequate pain relief. " 11/01/2009 - "Mild pain was felt by 57% of the chronic patients and 37% of the acute patients; treatment with amitriptyline achieved complete or partial improvement in over half of these patients. " 08/01/2004 - "Pain and urgency intensity improved statistically significantly in the amitriptyline group compared with the placebo group (p <0.001). " 04/01/1993 - "It was found that in 29 patients with chronic (more than 2 months) pain, amitriptyline 75 mg provided significantly greater efficacy than amitriptyline 25 or 50 mg. There was no significant difference in mood scores between the different doses of amitriptyline, but sleep was judged significantly better with 75 mg compared with 25 mg. The incidence of adverse effects was significantly higher with the 75 mg dose, and the principal adverse effects were dry mouth and drowsiness. " 11/01/1989 - "Clinically significant improvements for pain and tender point sensitivity and a statistically significant improvement in generalized pain responsiveness were found between patients who reported subjective improvement on amitriptyline and those who felt no change."
2.	Neuralgia (Stump Neuralgia) 04/01/2008 - "Amitriptyline is effective in relieving neuropathic pain. " 01/01/2008 - "Oral amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, is effective for treating neuropathic pain. " 09/01/2007 - "It has also been suggested that topical application of amitriptyline could be useful for the treatment of neuropathic pain. " 01/01/2015 - "To assess the analgesic efficacy of amitriptyline for relief of chronic neuropathic pain, and the adverse events associated with its use in clinical trials. " 01/01/2015 - "Amitriptyline has been a first-line treatment for neuropathic pain for many years. "
3.	Migraine Disorders (Migraine) 07/01/2015 - "Comparison of PSQI scores before and 3 months following treatment showed significantly improved quality of sleep in all treatment groups; the greatest significance was detected in migraine patients with initial PSQI scores of ≥6 and treated with amitriptyline (P < 0.001). " 11/01/2014 - "In this study, the amitriptyline was an effective treatment for chronic migraine, but its efficacy was increased when combined with aerobic exercise." 03/01/2003 - "These studies indicate, but do not prove, that amitriptyline is effective in migraine. " 07/01/2000 - "Amitriptyline has been shown to be effective for the prophylaxis of migraine in adults. " 03/01/2003 - "Conclusive studies regarding the efficacy of amitriptyline in migraine are much wanted. "
4.	Headache (Headaches) 03/01/2004 - "In contrast, amitriptyline was most effective in reduction of headache. " 03/01/2006 - "For children with frequent headache, the antidepressant amitriptyline might be beneficial for prophylaxis, although no placebo-controlled studies have been done. " 01/01/2011 - "When amitriptyline and placebo patients were compared for headache frequency at 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks to their own placebo stabilization period at 4 weeks, statistically significant improvement vs worsening was seen in headache frequency at each evaluation point for both amitriptyline and placebo groups (P ≤ .01) reaching 50% reporting a decrease in frequency in each group and approximately 10% reporting worsening by week 20. " 01/01/2011 - "Using headache frequency and evaluating parameters of (a) improvement, (b) no change, or (c) worsening relative to baseline, there was a significant improvement in headache frequency for amitriptyline over placebo at 8 weeks (P = .018) but not at 12, 16, or 20 weeks. " 02/01/2006 - "The combination therapy was effective since the first month of treatment, with a significant reduction of the headache, greater than one obtained with amitriptyline alone, in terms of frequency (-52.3% vs. -40.7%), intensity (-59.51% vs. -20.39%) and duration (-53.17% vs. -36.16%). "
5.	Depressive Disorder (Melancholia) 12/01/1998 - "The results from both studies showed that the therapeutic efficacy of EA was equal to that of amitriptyline for depressive disorders (P > 0.05). " 11/01/1995 - "This report describes a case of encephalopathy developed in the course of amitriptyline therapy, during a remission of unipolar depression. " 01/01/1994 - "The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic and side effects with doses and plasma concentrations in the patients with major (unipolar) depression (DSM-III-R criteria) treated by amitriptyline combine (At+Li) and mono-therapy. " 03/01/1993 - "The present study used two different methods to define treatment outcome profiles--rationally-derived criteria (Frank et al., Archives of General Psychiatry 48, 851-855, 1991) and dynamic clustering--to evaluate four treatments of unipolar depression: behaviour therapy, amitriptyline, psychodynamic psychotherapy and relaxation training (attention placebo). " 02/01/2005 - "Fifty Caucasian inpatients with at least medium-grade depressive disorder received amitriptyline at a fixed dose of 75 mg twice a day. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	gabapentin (Neurontin)
2.	Tricyclic Antidepressive Agents (Tricyclic Antidepressants)
3.	pregabalin (Lyrica)
4.	Antidepressive Agents (Antidepressants)
5.	Imipramine (Janimine)
6.	Desipramine (Pertofrane)
7.	Propranolol (Inderal)
8.	duloxetine (Cymbalta)
9.	topiramate (Topamax)
10.	Nortriptyline (Aventyl)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Analgesia
3.	Ligation
4.	Spinal Manipulation
5.	Oral Administration