Alkalies

Usually a hydroxide of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium, but also the carbonates of these metals, ammonia, and the amines. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Also Known As:

Networked: 1552 relevant articles (74 outcomes, 155 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Saika, Shizuya: 16 articles (11/2015 - 04/2005)
2.	Okada, Yuka: 9 articles (11/2015 - 01/2006)
3.	Yamanaka, Osamu: 8 articles (11/2015 - 04/2005)
4.	Flanders, Kathleen C: 8 articles (09/2014 - 04/2005)
5.	Liu, Zuguo: 7 articles (01/2015 - 07/2002)
6.	Lu, Peirong: 7 articles (04/2014 - 02/2007)
7.	Miyamoto, Takeshi: 7 articles (11/2010 - 04/2005)
8.	Ikeda, Kazuo: 7 articles (04/2008 - 04/2005)
9.	Ohnishi, Yoshitaka: 7 articles (07/2007 - 04/2005)
10.	Shirai, Kumi: 6 articles (11/2015 - 01/2006)

Related Diseases

1.	Burns 02/01/2016 - "Total corneal thickness of all dogs post-burn was significantly greater than baseline OCT images irrespective of treatment (p = 0.004); TEM showed that alkali burned corneas had significantly greater minimum and maximum interfibrillar distances than the controls (p = 0.026, p = 0.018). " 01/01/2014 - "We successfully extracted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human AM, but little is known about the use and efficacy of human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAM-dMSCs) for the treatment of alkali burns. " 04/01/1998 - "Broad applications may prove beneficial in the clinical treatment of corneal abrasions, persistent corneal epithelial defects, or alkali burns." 04/01/2012 - "[Comparative evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of early amnion covering the cornea, temporary blepharorrhaphy and its combination in severe alkali burns of the eye in the experiment]." 03/01/2010 - "A corneal alkali burn model in rats was used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of GB1201. "
2.	Acidosis 07/01/2005 - "Even a modest degree of metabolic acidosis can be harmful and can initiate a series of maladaptive responses that are not easily reversed, although there is evidence that alkali therapy can be beneficial in reversing these responses." 03/01/2013 - "Current guidelines recommend Na(+)-based alkali for CKD with metabolic acidosis and plasma total CO2 (PTCO2) < 22 mM. Because diets in industrialized societies are typically acid-producing, we compared base-producing fruits and vegetables with oral NaHCO3 (HCO3) regarding the primary outcome of follow-up estimated GFR (eGFR) and secondary outcomes of improved metabolic acidosis and reduced urine indices of kidney injury. " 03/01/2013 - "Animal as well as human models of CKD show that alkali treatment ameliorates indices of kidney injury and also might slow GFR decline in patients with or without metabolic acidosis. " 12/01/2000 - "Severe metabolic acidosis was caused by the impairment of bicarbonate reabsorption in the proximal tubules and alkali therapy improved her acidaemia. " 06/01/2015 - "Experimental and clinical studies suggest that correction of acidosis by alkali therapy attenuates these complications and improves quality of life. "
3.	Renal Tubular Acidosis (Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis) 01/01/1986 - "Type 4 renal tubular acidosis was ruled out by the inability to achieve a minimum urine pH. With a mean follow-up period of 28.1 +/- 25.3 months, after alkali therapy at 3.3-3.5 mEq/kg/day had been administered for at least 12 months, the growth parameters improved as follows: the percentile weight (mean +/- SD) increased from the initial 11.8 +/- 7.5 to the final 27.6 +/- 31.3 (p less than 0.003), and the length/height percentile increased from 11.5 +/- 7.3 to 29.7 +/- 24.2 (p less than 0.03). " 08/01/1976 - "Improvement in lacrimal and salivary secretions after alkali therapy in Sjøgren's syndrome with renal tubular acidosis." 02/01/1981 - "Studies done during acid and alkali loading suggested that the defect in urinary acidification resided in the proximal tubule and thus represented a Type II or proximal renal tubular acidosis (RTA)." 08/01/2002 - "Alkali therapy in renal tubular acidosis: who needs it?" 02/01/1988 - "Alkali therapy is used commonly to prevent recurrent stone formation in patients with distal renal tubular acidosis. "
4.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma) 07/01/2015 - "To evaluate the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to ameliorate the consequences of corneal alkali injuries. " 03/06/2015 - "Our study results indicate the potential use of alkali-treated KGM film as a novel wound dressing. " 01/01/2013 - "In this study, we investigated the safety, therapeutic effect, and mechanism(s) of topical OFSC administration in an extensive alkali-induced corneal wound. " 04/01/2009 - "A preliminary animal study using mice was carried out to determine the effect of BLF on alkali wounds. " 08/01/1987 - "Stromal reaction and repair after corneal alkali wound in the rabbit: a quantitative microradiographic study."
5.	Dental Caries (White Spot) 12/01/2012 - "Alkali production by oral bacteria in the oral cavity has been linked to protection against dental caries. " 12/01/2000 - "Alkali production by oral bacteria and protection against dental caries." 09/01/2012 - "Alkali production by oral bacteria is believed to have a major impact on oral microbial ecology and to be inhibitory to the initiation and progression of dental caries. " 09/01/2012 - "Progress toward understanding the contribution of alkali generation in dental biofilms to inhibition of dental caries." 04/01/2009 - "Alkali generation by oral bacteria plays a key role in plaque pH homeostasis and may be a major impediment to the development of dental caries. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Uric Acid (Urate)
2.	Calcium
3.	Acids
4.	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)
5.	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor)
6.	Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda)
7.	Steroids
8.	Potassium Citrate
9.	HSCH2CH(CH2CH(CH3)2)CO-Phe-Ala-NH2 (SIMP)
10.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Corneal Transplantation (Keratoplasty)
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
3.	Topical Administration
4.	Penetrating Keratoplasty
5.	Refractive Surgical Procedures