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Albuterol (Salbutamol)

A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.

Also Known As:

Salbutamol; Ventolin; Levalbuterol; Xopenex; Proventil; 2-t-Butylamino-1-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl)phenylethanol; Albuterol Sulfate; Levalbuterol Hydrochloride; Levosalbutamol Hydrochloride; Sultanol; Hydrochloride, Levalbuterol; Hydrochloride, Levosalbutamol; 1,3-Benzenedimethanol, alpha1-(((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)methyl)-4-hydroxy-

Networked: 2948 relevant articles (378 outcomes, 584 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Organic Chemicals: 58
- Amines: 1422
  - Amino Alcohols: 14
    - Ethanolamines: 12
      - Albuterol: 2948
        salmeterol: 1236
        salmeterol drug combination fluticasone: 60
        fluticasone propionate - salmeterol combination: 28
        albuterol-ipratropium: 14
        salbutamol drug combination theophylline: 4
        Salbupart: 3
        beclomethasone drug combinations albuterol: 2
        flerobuterol: 2
        1-(4-di-hydroxy-3,5-dioxa-4-borabicyclo(4.4.0)deca-7,9,11-trien-9-yl)-2-(tert-butylamino)ethanol
        alpha-hydroxysalmeterol
        iodoazidosalmeterol
  - Ethylamines: 5
    - Phenethylamines: 14
      - Albuterol: 2948
        salmeterol: 1236
        salmeterol drug combination fluticasone: 60
        fluticasone propionate - salmeterol combination: 28
        albuterol-ipratropium: 14
        salbutamol drug combination theophylline: 4
        Salbupart: 3
        beclomethasone drug combinations albuterol: 2
        flerobuterol: 2
        1-(4-di-hydroxy-3,5-dioxa-4-borabicyclo(4.4.0)deca-7,9,11-trien-9-yl)-2-(tert-butylamino)ethanol
        alpha-hydroxysalmeterol
        iodoazidosalmeterol
- Alcohols: 387
  - Amino Alcohols: 14
    - Ethanolamines: 12
      - Albuterol: 2948
        salmeterol: 1236
        salmeterol drug combination fluticasone: 60
        fluticasone propionate - salmeterol combination: 28
        albuterol-ipratropium: 14
        salbutamol drug combination theophylline: 4
        Salbupart: 3
        beclomethasone drug combinations albuterol: 2
        flerobuterol: 2
        1-(4-di-hydroxy-3,5-dioxa-4-borabicyclo(4.4.0)deca-7,9,11-trien-9-yl)-2-(tert-butylamino)ethanol
        alpha-hydroxysalmeterol
        iodoazidosalmeterol

Experts

1.	Szefler, Stanley J: 11 articles (11/2013 - 09/2002)
2.	Sorkness, Christine A: 10 articles (11/2013 - 11/2003)
3.	Lemanske, Robert F: 9 articles (09/2015 - 11/2003)
4.	Strunk, Robert C: 9 articles (09/2015 - 09/2002)
5.	Rodrigo, Gustavo J: 8 articles (01/2015 - 07/2002)
6.	Lipworth, Brian J: 8 articles (01/2014 - 11/2002)
7.	Sutherland, E Rand: 8 articles (11/2013 - 03/2009)
8.	Chinchilli, Vernon M: 8 articles (11/2013 - 11/2003)
9.	Calhoun, William J: 8 articles (11/2013 - 12/2003)
10.	Burchard, Esteban González: 8 articles (10/2010 - 02/2004)

Related Diseases

1.	Asthma (Bronchial Asthma) 02/01/2013 - "This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a high-dose continuous nebulized albuterol (CNA) protocol for treatment of asthma in the pediatric emergency department (ED). " 05/01/2014 - "Significant reduction in asthma symptom days, nighttime awakenings, days with activity limitation, and albuterol use were observed. " 10/01/2005 - "Morning PEF, asthma symptoms, and rescue albuterol use improved significantly (p < or = 0.001) in all treatment groups, but improvements were comparable across the treatment groups. " 09/01/2003 - "Secondary efficacy variables, including morning and evening peak expiratory flow rates, albuterol use, percentage of asthma symptom-free days, and physician-evaluated response to therapy were also significantly improved at endpoint in the MF-DPI group compared with both the placebo and BUD-DPI groups (p < 0.05). " 04/01/1998 - "Decreases in overall asthma symptom scores and in the use of rescue albuterol were statistically significantly greater for the BDP group compared with the TA group. "
2.	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 11/01/2005 - "Nebulised salbutamol improved forced expiratory flow in most patients with COPD, but less hyper-nflated patients tried to reduce the abdominal compartmental volume after active treatment and this reduced their exercise capacity. " 08/01/2006 - "In this study, levalbuterol treatment in subjects with COPD was generally well tolerated, produced significant bronchodilation compared with PBO, and improved clinical control of COPD as evidenced by reductions in rescue medication use compared with PBO and/or RAC." 08/01/2012 - "Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) increase after salbutamol was similar in SC (mean 0.14 litres (SD 0.15)) and COPD (0.12 litres (0.15)) and was significantly greater than NSC (0.08 litres (0.14)). " 07/01/2005 - "There was significant improvement in Emax to inhaled albuterol as the COPD exacerbation resolved. " 09/01/2003 - "Furthermore, especially in the COPD patients a significant decrease was observed in hyperinflation and consequently an improvement in maximal inspiratory pressure as a result of salbutamol via all devices. "
3.	Bronchiolitis 06/01/1998 - "Salbutamol was shown to be effective and safe in the treatment of acute bronchiolitis." 06/01/1994 - "Albuterol is as effective as oral placebo in the management of bronchiolitis. " 01/01/1995 - "Salbutamol is safe and effective in relieving the respiratory distress of young infants with acute bronchiolitis. " 05/01/1991 - "We conclude that salbutamol is safe and effective for the initial treatment of young children with acute bronchiolitis." 10/01/1990 - "We conclude that nebulized albuterol constitutes a safe and effective treatment of infants with bronchiolitis."
4.	Bronchial Spasm 08/01/1995 - "Albuterol later became the prototype selective beta 2-agonist--well tolerated and highly effective in controlling bronchospasm. " 11/01/2009 - "Children with a recent RTI who received salbutamol demonstrated a significantly reduced incidence of perioperative bronchospasm (5.5% vs 11%, P = 0.0270) and severe coughing (5.5% vs 11.5%, P = 0.0314) compared with children who had an RTI but did not receive salbutamol. " 08/01/2012 - "Delivery of albuterol through an anti-static chamber provides a clinically relevant improvement in bronchodilator response during acute, reversible bronchospasm such as nocturnal bronchospasm." 11/01/2009 - "salbutamol) is effective in preventing increases in total respiratory resistance and in decreasing the incidence of perioperative bronchospasm in asthmatic children. " 03/01/2003 - "The protective effects of SPFF and salbutamol on bronchospasm induced by bronchoconstrictor aerosol in guinea pigs in vivo were investigated, and the Konzett and Rössler experiment in rabbits in vivo was also carried out. "
5.	Respiratory Sounds (Crackle) 06/01/1996 - "This study demonstrates that oral salbutamol is beneficial in the treatment of acute episodes of wheezing in infancy. " 01/01/1995 - "Patients in the salbutamol group exhibited significantly greater improvement in respiratory rate (P = 0.01), accessory muscle score (P < 0.001) and wheezing score (P < 0.001). " 02/01/1994 - "Both treatment groups had statistically significant improvement in mean wheezing score associated with albuterol therapy (P < .05 using Dunnett's t test). " 01/01/1994 - "Nebulized albuterol significantly improved the clinical score and reduced the respiratory rate of those with recurrent wheezing relative to those in the randomized groups. " 05/01/2005 - "This study aimed to compare the efficacy of salbutamol aerosol therapy given via these two devices in young wheezing children. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Ipratropium (Ipratropium Bromide)
2.	Albuterol (Salbutamol)
3.	formoterol (Oxis)
4.	salmeterol (Serevent)
5.	Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
6.	Theophylline (Theon)
7.	fluticasone (Cutivate)
8.	Beclomethasone (Beclometasone)
9.	Terbutaline (Brethaire)
10.	Oxygen

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Nebulizers and Vaporizers (Inhaler)
2.	Metered Dose Inhalers (Metered Dose Inhaler)
3.	Oral Administration
4.	Dry Powder Inhalers
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)