Agar

A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.

Networked: 6874 relevant articles (138 outcomes, 446 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Guan, Xin-Yuan: 19 articles (11/2019 - 06/2004)
2.	Daley, Denise A: 18 articles (04/2022 - 01/2018)
3.	Coombs, Geoffrey W: 17 articles (04/2022 - 01/2018)
4.	Li, Yan: 16 articles (11/2019 - 02/2003)
5.	Li, Li: 12 articles (01/2018 - 05/2003)
6.	Liu, Jie: 10 articles (01/2021 - 07/2002)
7.	Pang, Stanley: 10 articles (09/2020 - 01/2018)
8.	Dong, Zigang: 10 articles (09/2016 - 01/2006)
9.	Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance: 9 articles (09/2020 - 01/2018)
10.	Xie, Dan: 9 articles (11/2019 - 06/2004)

Related Diseases

1.	Infections 11/06/2010 - "In flocks and herds with a high initial prevalence of infection, the adoption of an indirect ELISA, with greater sensitivity than the agar gel immunodiffusion test, improved success rates. " 04/01/2000 - "monocytogenes are non-haemolytic on blood agar plates and demonstrate a significant reduction of virulence in the mouse model of infection. " 06/01/1995 - "A major problem in establishing chronic lung infection models is the rapid clearance of bacteria instilled into the drugs; this can be overcome by encasing bacteria into agar beads to restrict phagocytosis. " 11/01/1975 - "NSU chocolate agar is superior to other agar media for the isolation of pathogenic and saprophytic bacteria not only from the urogenital tract but also from other foci of infection. " 02/01/2013 - "The minimal inhibitory concentration values of the extracts, obtained by agar diffusion, ranged from 0.8 to 1.4 mg/ml. The results showed that extracts from hairy root cultures inhibited the growth of bacteria and yeast strains and suggest that they may be useful in the treatment of infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms."
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2021 - "Silencing Ebp1 p48 by transduction with lentiviral shEbp1 dramatically reduced the proliferation rate, soft agar colony generation, and tumor formation in vivo. " 01/01/2006 - "Tumor colony-forming efficiency was dramatically reduced to 4.5% or 0.5% in POE (60 or 120 microg/mL)-supplemented soft agar medium compared with that of POE-free medium (defined as 100%). " 10/28/1992 - "Antisense-fos also inhibited soft agar growth to 1% of control values and dramatically reduced tumor growth in nude mice. " 04/23/2007 - "We further report that RHPS4 is more potent against cancer cells that grow as colonies in soft agar than cells growing as monolayers. " 12/15/1999 - "Tumor-suppressive effects of MnSOD-overexpressing cells were indicated by: (a) decreased plating efficiency; (b) elongated cell population doubling time; (c) lower clonogenic fraction in soft agar; and (d) complete inhibition or delayed onset of tumor formation in nude mice. "
3.	Hemolysis 08/01/1984 - "This method of assaying hemolysis in a liquid grown medium has proven effective in determining the hemolytic properties of strains which appeared negative or questionable on blood agar as well as strains which in virulence tests were negative. " 03/01/2014 - "We noticed that incorporation of selected herbal extracts in blood agar medium showed significant reduction in hemolysis (MIC 300μl/plate), indicating inhibition of SLO. " 10/01/2002 - "The Lancefield system of serogrouping the streptococci by the expression of beta-hemolysis on blood agar plates is still very useful for the identification of streptococci for patient management. " 02/01/1998 - "Cytotoxicity to buffalo green monkey kidney cell monolayers and haemolysis on horse blood agar were eliminated only in the hlyA aerA double mutants. " 03/01/1965 - "In addition, hemolysis was suppressed in old cultures in which viability was diminished, and was eliminated when colonies were removed from the agar surface by micromanipulation. "
4.	Keratitis 01/01/2020 - "There was a significant improvement in inoculation of agar plates with cross-hatched streaks (92% post- vs 55% pre-video) and the maintenance of an intact agar surface (92% post vs 55% pre-video) (p = .033).Conclusion: An instructional video optimized the performance of corneal scraping, by ophthalmology trainees, in patients with microbial keratitis." 08/01/2004 - "Efficacy of transport media use versus direct inoculation of blood agar plates in the microbiologic evaluation of experimental Streptococcus pneumoniae keratitis." 04/01/2003 - "Efficacy of transport media use versus direct inoculation of blood agar plates in the microbiologic evaluation of experimental Streptococcus pneumoniae keratitis." 01/01/2015 - "In this institutional study, patients with suspected infectious keratitis meeting traditional criteria for diagnostic corneal specimen collection and culture were randomized to the order of first specimen collection method: ESwab or a sample directly plated for growth on chocolate agar. " 09/01/2022 - "Insidiosum keratitis was considered as the differential, which was confirmed on blood agar culture. "
5.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma) 10/01/2011 - "Pre-cesarean screening and decolonization were only cost-effective when agar was used for both screening and wound cultures when the probability of decolonization success was ≥ 50% and colonization prevalence was ≥ 40%, or decolonization was ≥ 75% successful and colonization prevalence was ≥ 20%. " 02/01/2016 - "When the coupons were embedded in a simulated wound bed, formed in an agar plate, CHD-containing medical dressings completely eliminated S. aureus (>8log10 reduction), but had minimal effect (<3log10) against the other species tested. " 01/01/2012 - "The performance of the Vitek 2 ID system and a chromogenic agar medium was evaluated against the gold standard conventional phenotypic and biochemical identification method for speciation of yeast isolates from trauma patients. " 03/01/1994 - "The antimicrobial efficacy of this wound dressing was examined on an agar plate seeded with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. " 06/01/2023 - "In this study, agar aerogel was prepared and evaluated as novel wound dressing material in an in vivo rat study. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Glucose (Dextrose)
2.	Enzymes
3.	Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)
4.	Immunosorbents
5.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)
6.	Bacitracin (Baci-Rx)
7.	Vancomycin
8.	Tretinoin (Retinoic Acid)
9.	Cytokines
10.	Amikacin (A.M.K)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Phototherapy (Light Therapy)
2.	Therapeutics
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
4.	Remission Induction
5.	Liver Transplantation