African Swine Fever

A sometimes fatal ASFIVIRUS infection of pigs, characterized by fever, cough, diarrhea, hemorrhagic lymph nodes, and edema of the gallbladder. It is transmitted between domestic swine by direct contact, ingestion of infected meat, or fomites, or mechanically by biting flies or soft ticks (genus Ornithodoros).

Also Known As:

African Swine Fever Virus Infection; Asfivirus Infection; Wart-Hog Disease; Asfivirus Infections; Infection, Asfivirus; Infections, Asfivirus; Wart Hog Disease; Wart-Hog Diseases; Swine Fever, African

Networked: 317 relevant articles (9 outcomes, 14 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Classical Swine Fever (Swine Fever)
2.	Foot-and-Mouth Disease
3.	Virus Diseases (Viral Diseases)
4.	Infections
5.	Swine Diseases (Disease, Swine)

Experts

1.	Borca, Manuel V: 10 articles (12/2022 - 02/2015)
2.	Gladue, Douglas P: 10 articles (12/2022 - 02/2015)
3.	Alonso, Covadonga: 10 articles (01/2022 - 07/2004)
4.	Oggiano, Annalisa: 9 articles (01/2022 - 07/2007)
5.	Dixon, Linda K: 9 articles (01/2022 - 06/2011)
6.	Netherton, Christopher L: 9 articles (01/2022 - 06/2011)
7.	Franzoni, Giulia: 7 articles (01/2022 - 01/2017)
8.	Galindo, Inmaculada: 6 articles (01/2022 - 02/2012)
9.	Rodríguez, Fernando: 6 articles (01/2021 - 04/2013)
10.	Pina-Pedrero, Sonia: 5 articles (12/2022 - 11/2014)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to African Swine Fever:

1.	VaccinesIBA 01/01/2023 - "Thus, a safe and effective vaccine is important to control African swine fever spread. " 11/14/2023 - "The African swine fever (ASF) pandemics pose a significant threat to the global swine industry, and the development of safe and effective vaccines is a daunting but necessary challenge. " 10/08/2023 - "African Swine Fever Vaccine Candidate ASFV-G-ΔI177L Produced in the Swine Macrophage-Derived Cell Line IPKM Remains Genetically Stable and Protective against Homologous Virulent Challenge." 01/01/2021 - "Biological properties of ASFV indicate that the African swine fever (ASF) pandemic will continue to develop and that only the implementation of an effective and safe vaccine will ensure a reduction in the spread of ASFV. " 01/01/2020 - "ASFV-G-ΔI177L is one of the few experimental vaccine candidate virus strains reported to be able to induce protection against the ASFV Georgia isolate, and it is the first vaccine capable of inducing sterile immunity against the current ASFV strain responsible for recent outbreaks.IMPORTANCE Currently, there is no commercially available vaccine against African swine fever. "
2.	EnzymesIBA 01/25/2021 - "为了筛选出酶联免疫吸附测定 (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA) 反应性最佳的非洲猪瘟病毒 (African swine fever virus，ASFV) 诊断抗原，通过建立ELISA方法，以杆状病毒昆虫细胞表达系统表达的ASFV p30蛋白诊断抗原为参照，首次探讨原核表达系统表达的ASFV p35蛋白作为诊断抗原的抗原性和潜力。免疫印迹和免疫荧光结果表明，获得了40 kDa的重组p35蛋白和30 kDa的p30蛋白，两种蛋白与ASFV阳性血清均具有较好的免疫反应原性。采用重组p30和p35蛋白作为诊断抗原分别建立ELISA方法，并验证其敏感性、稳定性以及与进口试剂盒的符合率。结果显示，尽管p35-ELISA方法的检测敏感性稍低于p30-ELISA方法，但其敏感性仍可达95.8%，且p35-ELISA方法和p30-ELISA方法的批内和批间变异系数均小于10%。p35-ELISA方法与进口试剂盒比较，符合率达97.2%。结果表明建立的p35-ELISA方法敏感性高且稳定性好，可应用于ASFV感染血清的检测。." 05/01/1988 - "The role of the host cell RNA polymerase II in African swine fever (ASF) virus growth has been examined using inhibitors of this enzyme. " 12/01/1982 - "DNA from African swine fever (ASF) virus was isolated and was characterized by two restriction enzymes, SmaI and EcoRI. " 11/10/1979 - "Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of African swine fever." 01/01/2019 - "Thus, our results suggest that both helicases are essential during viral infection, highlighting the potential use of these enzymes as target for drug and vaccine development against African swine fever."
3.	ImmunosorbentsIBA 01/25/2021 - "为了筛选出酶联免疫吸附测定 (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA) 反应性最佳的非洲猪瘟病毒 (African swine fever virus，ASFV) 诊断抗原，通过建立ELISA方法，以杆状病毒昆虫细胞表达系统表达的ASFV p30蛋白诊断抗原为参照，首次探讨原核表达系统表达的ASFV p35蛋白作为诊断抗原的抗原性和潜力。免疫印迹和免疫荧光结果表明，获得了40 kDa的重组p35蛋白和30 kDa的p30蛋白，两种蛋白与ASFV阳性血清均具有较好的免疫反应原性。采用重组p30和p35蛋白作为诊断抗原分别建立ELISA方法，并验证其敏感性、稳定性以及与进口试剂盒的符合率。结果显示，尽管p35-ELISA方法的检测敏感性稍低于p30-ELISA方法，但其敏感性仍可达95.8%，且p35-ELISA方法和p30-ELISA方法的批内和批间变异系数均小于10%。p35-ELISA方法与进口试剂盒比较，符合率达97.2%。结果表明建立的p35-ELISA方法敏感性高且稳定性好，可应用于ASFV感染血清的检测。." 11/10/1979 - "Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of African swine fever." 07/01/1992 - "The efficacy of the DIA as a screening test for ASFV was compared to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an immunoblotting (IB) test using 343 sera collected from natural African swine fever epizootics and from inapparent ASFV carriers. " 10/01/1990 - "Comparison of two antigens for use in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect African swine fever antibody." 01/01/1981 - "A reliable enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for African swine fever using the major structural protein as antigenic reagent."
4.	Recombinant ProteinsIBA 03/01/1995 - "A Western blot technique using a recombinant protein has been developed to confirm positive results obtained in African swine fever (ASF)-specific antibody detection by ELISA. " 10/01/2017 - "Recombinant Protein p30 for Serological Diagnosis of African Swine Fever by Immunoblotting Assay." 09/01/2000 - "Serodiagnosis of African swine fever using the recombinant protein p30 expressed in insect larvae."
5.	Attenuated VaccinesIBA 12/24/2021 - "Current efforts towards safe and effective live attenuated vaccines against African swine fever: challenges and prospects." 05/30/2020 - "Live attenuated vaccines are considered to be the fastest route to the development of a safe and efficacious African swine fever (ASF) vaccine. "
6.	RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase (Reverse Transcriptase)IBA 01/01/2019 - "This assessment evaluates the potential testing of oral fluid samples with real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) to detect African swine fever, classical swine fever, or foot-and-mouth disease for surveillance during a disease outbreak and early detection in a disease-free setting. "
7.	4- (4- dihexadecylaminostyryl)- N- methylpyridium (DiA)IBA 07/01/1992 - "The efficacy of the DIA as a screening test for ASFV was compared to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an immunoblotting (IB) test using 343 sera collected from natural African swine fever epizootics and from inapparent ASFV carriers. "
8.	Neutralizing AntibodiesIBA 02/17/1997 - "In this study we have investigated the generation of African swine fever (ASF) virus variants resistant to neutralizing antibodies after cell culture propagation. " 01/01/1969 - "Studies to determine the presence of neutralizing antibody in sera and kidneys from swine recovered from African swine fever." 01/01/1967 - "Studies to determine neutralizing antibody in sera from animals recovered from African swine fever and laboratory animals inoculated with African virus with adjuvants."
9.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)FDA Link 12/01/2022 - "African swine fever (ASF) is currently causing a major pandemic affecting the swine industry and protein availability from Central Europe to East and South Asia. " 01/01/2022 - "Inhibition of BET Family Proteins Suppresses African Swine Fever Virus Infection." 01/01/2022 - "Research progress on the proteins involved in African swine fever virus infection and replication." 01/01/2022 - "New insights into the role of endosomal proteins for African swine fever virus infection." 01/01/2021 - "Classification and characterization of multigene family proteins of African swine fever viruses."
10.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 06/01/2022 - "In this study, DNA samples collected from 91 pigs between 2011 and 2019 in nine of the ten provinces of Mozambique in the context of African swine fever (ASF) monitoring were further screened for the presence of PCV-3. " 11/30/2023 - "African swine fever virus (ASFV), the only known DNA arbovirus, is the causative agent of African swine fever (ASF), an acutely contagious disease in pigs. " 10/23/2023 - "African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a structurally complex, double-stranded DNA virus, which causes African swine fever (ASF), a contagious disease affecting swine. " 09/08/2023 - "Diagnostic validation of the method was assessed through the analysis of a total of 181 porcine samples originating from six different matrix types doped with African swine fever virus DNA received from the European reference laboratory for African Swine Fever (INIA-CISA, Madrid, Spain): whole blood, blood serum, kidney, heart, liver and tonsil. " 07/01/2023 - "African swine fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease of pigs (Sus scrofa) caused by a double-stranded DNA virus, African swine fever virus (ASFV). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Hysterotomy 07/01/1984 - "The effect of passively acquired antibodies on the course of African swine fever (ASF) virus infection was investigated in hysterotomy-derived neonatal pigs fed colostrum from an ASF-recovered sow or given ASF virus antiserum. "
2.	Therapeutics 01/01/2018 - "African swine fever is a devastating viral disease of domestic and wild pigs against which no vaccine or therapy is available. "
3.	Fecal Microbiota Transplantation 10/19/2020 - "Fecal microbiota transplantation from warthog to pig confirms the influence of the gut microbiota on African swine fever susceptibility."