HOME PRODUCTS SERVICES COMPANY CONTACT FAQ

African Horse Sickness (African Horsesickness)

Subscribe to New Research on African Horse Sickness

An insect-borne reovirus infection of horses, mules and donkeys in Africa and the Middle East; characterized by pulmonary edema, cardiac involvement, and edema of the head and neck.

Also Known As:

African Horsesickness; African Horse Sicknesses; African Horsesicknesses; Equine Plagues; Horse Sickness, African; Horse Sicknesses, African; Horsesickness, African; Horsesicknesses, African; Plague, Equine; Plagues, Equine; Sickness, African Horse; Sicknesses, African Horse; Equine Plague

Networked: 53 relevant articles (2 outcomes, 2 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Vaccinia
2.	Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants
3.	Paramyxoviridae Infections (Parainfluenza)
4.	Bluetongue
5.	Infection

Experts

1.	Guthrie, Alan J: 3 articles (10/2015 - 07/2007)
2.	Lourens, Carina W: 2 articles (10/2015 - 07/2009)
3.	MacLachlan, N James: 2 articles (10/2015 - 07/2007)
4.	van Kleef, M: 1 article (02/2016)
5.	Faber, F E: 1 article (02/2016)
6.	Pretorius, A: 1 article (02/2016)
7.	Grewar, John D: 1 article (10/2015)
8.	Majiwa, Phelix O A: 1 article (10/2015)
9.	Koekemoer, Otto: 1 article (10/2015)
10.	van Schalkwyk, Antoinette: 1 article (10/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to African Horse Sickness:

1.	VaccinesIBA 07/26/2007 - "The success of these new-generation vaccines has catalyzed efforts to develop improved vaccines for the prevention of African horse sickness, a disease of emerging global significance." 01/01/2012 - "The guinea-pig appears to be a useful laboratory model for the evaluation of the antigenic properties of African horse sickness vaccines." 01/01/2012 - "Monovalent, inactivated and adjuvanted vaccines against African horse sickness, prepared with serotypes 5 and 9, were tested on guinea-pigs to select the formulation that offered the greatest immunity. " 07/16/2009 - "These data confirm that the ALVAC-AHSV vaccine will be useful for the protective immunization of equids against African horse sickness, and avoids many of the problems inherent to live-attenuated AHSV vaccines." 01/01/1998 - "Future international management of African horse sickness vaccines."
2.	Capsid Proteins (Capsid Protein)IBA 06/17/2014 - "Vaccination of horses with a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara virus (MVA) expressing African horse sickness (AHS) virus major capsid protein VP2 provides complete clinical protection against challenge." 11/01/1992 - "Evolutionary relationships among the gnat-transmitted orbiviruses that cause African horse sickness, bluetongue, and epizootic hemorrhagic disease as evidenced by their capsid protein sequences."
3.	AntibodiesIBA 04/01/2004 - "To illustrate the practical value of antibodies from the library, phage displayed single chain fragments were incorporated into ELISAs aimed at detecting African horsesickness and bluetongue virus particles. " 01/01/1995 - "Equine sera collected from 10 widely separated regions throughout Nigeria were tested for antibodies against African horse sickness viruses (AHSV) using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). " 01/01/1993 - "Group-reactive ELISAs for detecting antibodies to African horsesickness and equine encephalosis viruses in horse, donkey, and zebra sera." 05/02/1992 - "Antibodies to African horsesickness (AHS) virus were detected. " 04/01/1991 - "Antibodies in horses, mules and donkeys following monovalent vaccination against African horse sickness."
4.	binary ethyleneimineIBA 01/01/1992 - "Investigation studies on inactivated African horsesickness vaccine using binary ethyleneimine were conducted. " 01/01/1992 - "Preliminary findings for an inactivated African horsesickness vaccine using binary ethyleneimine."
5.	Complement System Proteins (Complement)IBA 01/01/1992 - "These findings are important for the epidemiology of the African horse sickness in Nigeria just as the complement-fixing rates are in camels and dogs for the epidemiology of this sickness in the whole of Africa." 01/01/1975 - "[Adaptation of the complement fixation microtechnic to the diagnosis of equine plague]." 08/01/1988 - "During the nine years from October 1972 to September 1981 African horse sickness (AHS) virus was isolated from 23 suspected cases of the disease in Zimbabwe and complement fixation antibody titres indicative of recent infection were detected in a further 49 horses. " 05/02/1992 - "Low complement fixation titres were detected in all 4 patients to African horsesickness (AHS) virus and enzyme immunoassay and plaque reduction neutralising tests were positive, the latter against both serotypes 1 and 6. Five of 15 laboratory workers from the same facility who were healthy on clinical and ophthalmological examination showed positive plaque reduction neutralising tests but none to both serotypes 1 and 6. It is postulated that the encephalitis with the predominant temporal lobe involvement was caused by an airborne transnasal route of infection of the neurotropic AHS virus released in dried powder form, secondary to the accidental breaking of vaccine bottles. " 01/01/1990 - "Five serological methods of diagnosing African horse sickness were evaluated, using a battery of serum samples from experimental horses vaccinated and challenged with each serotype of African horse sickness virus (AHSV1 through AHSV9): agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID), indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA), complement fixation (CF), virus neutralization (VN), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). "
6.	AntigensIBA 03/01/2011 - "The use of soluble African horse sickness viral protein 7 as an antigen delivery and presentation system." 01/01/1998 - "Immunohistochemical demonstration of African horse sickness viral antigen in tissues of experimentally infected equines." 07/23/1996 - "A novel gamma irradiated inactivated cell culture derived African horsesickness viral (AHSV) antigen was used in a blocking ELISA (B-ELISA) for detecting antibody to a subgroup-reactive epitope of AHSV. " 07/23/1996 - "A blocking ELISA for detection of antibody to a subgroup-reactive epitope of African horsesickness viral protein 7 (VP7) using a novel gamma-irradiated antigen." 06/01/1991 - "The complete sequence of the group-specific antigen, VP7, of African horsesickness disease virus serotype 4 reveals a close relationship to bluetongue virus."
7.	Immunoglobulin M (IgM)IBA 07/23/1996 - "A monoclonal antibody (MAB), class IgM, against an epitope on African horsesickness (AHS) viral protein 7 (VP7) was developed in BALBc mice and used in the B-ELISA. " 01/01/2015 - "Three MAbs (1B10B6C9, 1B10B6C10, 1B10B6E9) reacted only with horse and donkey IgG and IgM and, in western blotting, were specific for the Fc fragment of equine IgG. MAb 1B10B6E9 was used in chemiluminescent immunoblotting assay for the diagnosis of dourine and in indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for the diagnosis of African horse sickness and dourine. "
8.	Formaldehyde (Formol)FDA Link 09/01/1991 - "The use of ELISA for the detection of African horse sickness viruses (AHSV) in midges preserved in 5.0% formalin was evaluated. " 11/01/1997 - "Immunohistochemical demonstration of African horse sickness viral antigen in formalin-fixed equine tissues."
9.	Viral AntigensIBA 02/01/1992 - "African horse sickness viral antigens were detected by ELISA in post-mortem tissue samples collected from all four ponies. " 04/01/1972 - "Detection of African horsesickness viral antigens in tissues by immunofluorescence."
10.	AgarIBA 02/01/1966 - "Under agar overlay, large and small plaques were observed for African Horse Sickness viruses. " 01/01/1990 - "Five serological methods of diagnosing African horse sickness were evaluated, using a battery of serum samples from experimental horses vaccinated and challenged with each serotype of African horse sickness virus (AHSV1 through AHSV9): agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID), indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA), complement fixation (CF), virus neutralization (VN), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). "