Adenosine

A nucleoside that is composed of adenine and d-ribose. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. Adenosine itself is a neurotransmitter.

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Networked: 8866 relevant articles (445 outcomes, 1160 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Boison, Detlev: 55 articles (12/2015 - 05/2002)
2.	Eltzschig, Holger K: 52 articles (06/2014 - 09/2003)
3.	Blackburn, Michael R: 48 articles (11/2015 - 02/2002)
4.	Linden, Joel: 45 articles (03/2015 - 01/2002)
5.	Jackson, Edwin K: 34 articles (09/2015 - 03/2004)
6.	Cronstein, Bruce N: 31 articles (12/2015 - 06/2002)
7.	Chen, Jiang-Fan: 23 articles (04/2013 - 06/2002)
8.	Müller, Christa E: 22 articles (01/2016 - 11/2003)
9.	Fredholm, Bertil B: 22 articles (07/2015 - 02/2002)
10.	Borea, Pier Andrea: 22 articles (01/2015 - 10/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Ischemia 04/01/1993 - "In this study we evaluated the protective effects of adenosine (20 microM) on high-energy phosphate metabolism, H+ and Ca2+ accumulation, and glycolytic rate during 30 min of no-flow ischemia. " 01/01/2008 - "Modifications of ARs may play a significant role in determining adenosine effects during ischemia and therefore should be taken into account when evaluating time-dependent protective effects of specific A(2A) active compounds." 08/01/1995 - "Adenosine pretreatment has been shown to be beneficial in several models of ischemia-reperfusion. " 11/01/1993 - "Isolated hearts were Langendorff-perfused at 37 degrees C with oxygenated blood and paced at 3 Hz. They were divided into 5 groups, all subjected to 45 min global ischemia followed by one hour of reperfusion: 1) Control hearts (n = 7) which received no treatment or short ischemia before the long ischemia, 2) preconditioned hearts (n = 7), submitted to 5-min zero-flow global ischemia, followed by 5 min reperfusion before the long ischemia, 3) hearts pretreated with sulfophenyltheophylline (SPT 100 microM) before preconditioning and long ischemia (n = 6), 4) hearts in which preconditioning was substituted by administration of 10 microM phenyl-isopropyl-adenosine (PIA) over 5 min, and 5) hearts in which preconditioning was substituted by the administration of 1.5 mg adenosine over 5 min. Hemodynamic results show significant improvement of the postischemic recovery of left ventricular developed pressure (DP) by preconditioning. " 10/01/1993 - "Ischemia resulted in a significant reduction of high-energy phosphate compounds and an accumulation of nucleotide degradation products, particularly adenosine, in the myocardium. "
2.	Supraventricular Tachycardia 11/01/1992 - "Adenosine is a relatively new medication with an extremely short half-life and is effective in the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia. " 08/01/1991 - "In summary, adenosine is highly effective in terminating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, and its very short half-life and benign side effects make it a promising alternative to other modes of therapy presently used. " 10/01/2012 - "To determine the optimal adenosine dose effective in supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and underlying conditions affecting the effective dose in children. " 10/01/2012 - "Optimal dose of adenosine effective for supraventricular tachycardia in children." 03/01/2012 - "The clinical bottom line is there is strong evidence to support the efficacy of using adenosine as first-line treatment in patients who present to emergency departments with unstable paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia."
3.	Tachycardia (Tachyarrhythmias) 01/01/2015 - "Adenosine is an effective agent for termination of most re-entrant supraventricular arrhythmias involving the atrioventricular node and often also used as a diagnostic agent for wide QRS tachycardias. " 05/30/1999 - "It is emphasized that intravenous adenosine is highly effective in terminating sinus node, atrioventricular (AV) nodal and AV-reciprocating reentrant tachycardias. " 10/01/1999 - "However, for wide complex tachyarrhythmias, the diagnostic accuracy of the housestaff group significantly improved with the use of adenosine (pre = 54%, post = 70%, p < 0.01), while the attending physician group had no significant improvement (pre = 61%, post = 71%, p = NS). " 03/01/2001 - "The antiarrhythmic efficacy of adenosine during states of AV-nodal reentrant tachycardias is well known and clinically established. " 08/01/1998 - "Adenosine is an antiarrhythmic substance particularly effective in catecholamine-dependent tachycardias. "
4.	Anoxia (Hypoxia) 10/01/2002 - "This study indicates that following systemic hypoxia, adenosine levels in the NTS increase to a significantly greater extent than in the VLM. " 06/01/2010 - "CFA was significantly improved after adenosine treatment during hypothermic hypoxia compared to control (80.7+/-17.4% vs 40.5+/-10.7%, p<0.001). " 12/01/1995 - "Acute fetal hypoxemia in six fetuses to an arterial PO2 of 8.8 +/- 0.8 mmHg and an arterial O2 content (CaO2) of 1.7 +/- 0.2 ml/dl was not associated with significant change in coronary perfusion pressure; yet left ventricular myocardial flow increased to 1,020 +/- 198 ml.min-1 x 100 g-1, a value significantly greater than that seen with adenosine (P < 0.05). " 12/01/1994 - "This leads to improved high energy phosphate concentrations during hypoxia and a reduction in adenosine formation." 02/01/1990 - "As with hypoxia, adenosine decreased the incidence of rapid eye movements by 55% and the incidence of breathing by 77% without significantly affecting the incidence of low-voltage electrocortical activity. "
5.	Myocardial Infarction 10/01/1995 - "These results indicate that a transient increase in ISF adenosine can reduce myocardial infarct size, but adenosine alone does not fully replicate the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning." 06/01/2012 - "Safety and efficacy of intracoronary adenosine administration in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." 10/01/2006 - "The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether the efficacy of adenosine vs. placebo was dependent on the timing of reperfusion therapy in the second Acute Myocardial Infarction Study of Adenosine (AMISTAD-II). " 10/01/2006 - "Impact of time to therapy and reperfusion modality on the efficacy of adenosine in acute myocardial infarction: the AMISTAD-2 trial." 05/01/2012 - "Three hours continuous injection of adenosine improved left ventricular function and infarct size in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
2.	Verapamil (Calan)
3.	Purinergic P1 Receptors (Adenosine Receptor)
4.	Adenosine A1 Receptor
5.	Dipyridamole (Persantine)
6.	Adenosine Deaminase
7.	beta-apocarotenoid-14',13'-dioxygenase (ADO)
8.	Inosine
9.	Theophylline (Theon)
10.	Phenobarbital (Luminal)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Induced Heart Arrest (Cardioplegia)
2.	Transplants (Transplant)
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
5.	Oral Administration