Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary

A rare type of ovarian cancer and SEX CHORD STROMAL TUMOR that usually occurs in adults and causes elevated levels of ESTROGEN in a woman's body. The most common symptoms include early puberty for affected young girls, an increase in abdomen size or irregularities of menstrual cycles in premenopausal women, and abnormal uterine bleeding in postmenopausal women.

Also Known As:

Networked: 68 relevant articles (4 outcomes, 5 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Granulosa Cell Tumor
2.	Endometrial Neoplasms (Endometrial Cancer)
3.	Familial Testotoxicosis
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
5.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis)

Experts

1.	Buist, Marrije R: 2 articles (11/2015 - 07/2014)
2.	van Lonkhuijzen, Luc R C W: 2 articles (11/2015 - 07/2014)
3.	van Meurs, Hannah S: 2 articles (11/2015 - 07/2014)
4.	van der Velden, Jacobus: 2 articles (11/2015 - 07/2014)
5.	Fuller, Peter J: 2 articles (12/2010 - 04/2010)
6.	Derar, Refaat Ibrahim: 2 articles (06/2003 - 06/2003)
7.	Hoque, Shafiqul: 2 articles (06/2003 - 06/2003)
8.	Miyake, Yoh-Ichi: 2 articles (06/2003 - 06/2003)
9.	Osawa, Takeshi: 2 articles (06/2003 - 06/2003)
10.	Taya, Kazuyoshi: 2 articles (06/2003 - 06/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary:

1.	TamoxifenFDA LinkGeneric 08/12/2010 - "Ten months after stopping tamoxifen, we diagnosed a stage Ic granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. " 10/01/1994 - "Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary associated with antecedent tamoxifen use." 08/12/2010 - "Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary and antecedent of adjuvant tamoxifen use for breast cancer." 05/01/2021 - "Long-term efficacy of megestrol acetate and tamoxifen in a recurrent adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary." 12/01/2012 - "This report presents a case of granulosa cell tumor of the ovary after the long-term use of tamoxifen and toremifene."
2.	Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4IBA 12/01/2023 - "Efficacy of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors in combination with hormonal therapy in patients with recurrent granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: A case series."
3.	Megestrol Acetate (Borea)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2021 - "Long-term efficacy of megestrol acetate and tamoxifen in a recurrent adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary."
4.	Hormones (Hormone)IBA 11/01/2015 - "The aim of this study was to retrospectively determine the objective response rate to hormone therapy (HT) for patients with a measurable adult granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovary in a consecutive series of patients. " 07/01/2014 - "This systematic review assessed the effectiveness of hormone therapy (HT) in patients with a granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovary. " 12/01/1986 - "These results are compatible with the concept that in granulosa-theca cell tumor, both granulosa and theca cells can produce a wide range of steroid hormones." 12/01/2012 - "The relationship between hormones and endometrial cancer is well known because disease states, such as chronic anovulation and endogenous estrogen production from hormone-secreting tumors (for example, granulosa cell tumor of the ovary), are related to excess estrogen, and unopposed estrogen use might lead to endometrial overgrowth, hyperplasia, and subsequent development of endometrial carcinoma. "
5.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 09/01/1995 - "Juvenile granulosa-cell tumor of the ovary - interphase cytogenetics for chromosome-12 and chromosome-x and flow cytometric DNA-ploidy study." 03/01/1990 - "Prognostic value of flow cytometric DNA content analysis in granulosa cell tumor of the ovary." 05/01/2014 - "We analyzed 114 tumor tissues from ovarian tumors, including 44 adult-type and two juvenile-type GCT of the ovary and 68 ovarian tumors by DNA sequencing. "
6.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)FDA Link 09/01/2012 - "The aim of this study was to explore mutation of the Fas gene and expression of the apoptosis-related proteins Fas, FLICE-like inhibitory protein (FLIP) and Bcl-2 in granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovary. " 05/01/2014 - "To assess whether FOXL2 p.C134W mutation may play a role in the development of human ovarian tumors in the Japanese, we investigated the FOXL2 codon 134 mutation and protein expression of inhibin-α, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and follistatin (FST) in Japanese patients with granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovary and other ovarian tumors. "
7.	Gonadal Steroid Hormones (Sex Hormones)IBA 02/01/1978 - "The purpose of the present study was to quantify the rates of production and to define the mechanism(s) or origin of sex steroid hormones in a 3 1/2-year-old girl with isosexual precocious pseudopuberty caused by a granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary. "
8.	Estrogens (Estrogen)FDA Link 04/15/2004 - "In this work, Mann describes the tragic story of a post-menopausal woman who notices signs of rejuvenation in herself and what she takes to be menstruation, and thus believes that her much mourned lost youth has returned, whereas in fact the changes she has so welcomed are due to the hormonal effects of an advanced estrogen-producing granulosa cell tumor of the ovary, to which she rapidly succumbs. " 02/01/2010 - "[Perioperative management of a patient with deep vein thrombosis caused by estrogen producing granulosa cell tumor of the ovary]." 08/01/2008 - "A control group included 15 patients with endometrial carcinoma and associated ovarian hyperthecosis and one patient with endometrial carcinoma and adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary, chosen because both conditions are associated with increased production of estrogen and increased risk of endometrial carcinoma development. " 02/01/1978 - "Origin of estrogen in isosexual precocious pseudopuberty due to a granulosa-theca cell tumor." 12/20/2010 - "Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) of the ovary often express aromatase and synthesize estrogen, which in turn may influence their progression. "
9.	Inhibins (Inhibin)IBA 11/01/1994 - "Elevated preoperative serum inhibin concentrations have been reported in patients with granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. " 06/01/2003 - "To clarify the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics in mares with granulosa theca cell tumor (GTCT), the localization of inhibin subunits (alpha, betaA, betaB) and aromatase in the granulosa cell layers and theca layers in the ovarian follicles were determined by immunohistochemical staining. " 06/01/2003 - "Localization of inhibin alpha-, betaA- and betaB-subunits and aromatase in ovarian follicles with granulosa theca cell tumor (GTCT) in 6 mares." 05/01/2014 - "To assess whether FOXL2 p.C134W mutation may play a role in the development of human ovarian tumors in the Japanese, we investigated the FOXL2 codon 134 mutation and protein expression of inhibin-α, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and follistatin (FST) in Japanese patients with granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovary and other ovarian tumors. "
10.	SteroidsIBA 12/01/1986 - "These results are compatible with the concept that in granulosa-theca cell tumor, both granulosa and theca cells can produce a wide range of steroid hormones." 03/15/2003 - "Adult granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovary is oftentimes a hormonally active, stromal cell neoplasm that is distinguished by its ability to secrete sex steroids such as estrogen. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 03/01/2002 - "Successful multimodality therapy of recurrent multifocal juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary." 05/18/1994 - "Laparoscopic surgical therapy and staging in a case of early malignant granulosa cell tumor of the ovary." 01/01/1993 - "The results of treatment in 130 cases of GCT of the ovary treated in the Institute of Oncology in Warsaw and followed up from 5 to 40 years were analysed with respect to the methods of therapy and age of the patients. " 12/01/2023 - "Efficacy of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors in combination with hormonal therapy in patients with recurrent granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: A case series." 12/01/2023 - "We report a case series of 7 heavily pre-treated patients with recurrent granulosa cell tumor of the ovary with a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor in combination with hormonal therapy, with 3 patients demonstrating partial response and 2 with stable disease. "
2.	Radiotherapy 04/01/1999 - "Radiotherapy can induce a clinical response with occasional long-term remission in patients with persistent or recurrent granulosa cell tumor of the ovary." 02/01/2012 - "Successful treatment of adult-type granulosa cell tumor of the ovary by palliative radiotherapy." 09/01/2008 - "Recurrent juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary managed by palliative radiotherapy." 08/01/2006 - "The role of radiotherapy for recurrent or residual granulosa cell tumor of the ovary (GCTO) is controversial. " 08/01/2006 - "Palliative radiotherapy for recurrent granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: a report of 3 cases with radiological evidence of response."
3.	Adjuvant Chemotherapy 03/27/2018 - "Is adjuvant chemotherapy beneficial for patients with FIGO stage IC adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary?" 04/01/2012 - "To analyze the role of surgical staging and adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with adult type granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovary. "
4.	Hysterectomy 11/01/2012 - "Prior to admission to our unit, four patients were treated with total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with the diagnosis of primary adult type GCT of the ovary. " 09/01/1987 - "A 46-year-old woman underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a granulosa cell tumor of the ovary ten years ago. " 10/01/2015 - "Histopathological studies of the specimen of total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy revealed the presence of a well-differentiated endometrial carcinoma associated with a granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. " 08/02/2011 - "She underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy and a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy after histopathologic confirmation of a well-differentiated granulosa cell tumor of the ovary and a nuclear grade 1 adenocarcinoma of the endometrium (International Federation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stage 1B). " 03/04/2010 - "As the patient had a history of hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy 10 years ago for ''leiomyoma" with no evidence of GCT of the ovary in the histopathology report, a diagnosis of extraovarian GCT was made. "
5.	Salpingo-oophorectomy 11/01/2012 - "Prior to admission to our unit, four patients were treated with total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with the diagnosis of primary adult type GCT of the ovary. " 09/01/1987 - "A 46-year-old woman underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a granulosa cell tumor of the ovary ten years ago. " 11/01/2006 - "Histological and immunohistochemical examinations verified that it was the metastasis of the granulosa cell tumor of the ovary that had been removed 19 years ago when salpingo-oophorectomy had been performed. " 11/01/2006 - "[Isolated metastasis of the granulosa cell tumor of the ovary in the small intestine mesentery 19 years after salpingo-oophorectomy]." 08/02/2011 - "She underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy and a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy after histopathologic confirmation of a well-differentiated granulosa cell tumor of the ovary and a nuclear grade 1 adenocarcinoma of the endometrium (International Federation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stage 1B). "