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Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis

A rare form of cholecystitis which mimics malignancy, both on imaging and pathologically. It generally occurs in elderly women and is characterized by the presence of multiple intramural nodules that infiltrate the gallbladder wall and occasionally adjacent soft tissues and organs, such as the liver, colon, and duodenum.
Networked: 76 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 5 trials/studies)

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1. Cholecystitis
2. Gallbladder Diseases (Gall Bladder Disease)
3. Gallbladder Neoplasms (Gallbladder Cancer)
4. Inflammation (Inflammations)
5. Fibrosis (Cirrhosis)

Experts

1. Behari, Anu: 3 articles (02/2021 - 05/2011)
2. Kapoor, Vinay K: 3 articles (02/2021 - 10/2008)
3. Hijioka, Susumu: 2 articles (08/2021 - 09/2010)
4. Beard, Rachel E: 1 article (04/2022)
5. Hyder, Sarah M: 1 article (04/2022)
6. Pan, Jason: 1 article (04/2022)
7. Truong, Lance: 1 article (04/2022)
8. Yakirevich, Evgeny: 1 article (04/2022)
9. Zhang, Jenny Q: 1 article (04/2022)
10. Kim, Hee Ju: 1 article (03/2022)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis:
1. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)IBA
2. LipidsIBA
3. Dental Porcelain (Porcelain)IBA
05/01/1997 - "[A case of porcelain gallbladder with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis masquerading as gallbladder cancer]."
05/01/2014 - "Preventive cholecystectomy should be performed in high-risk patients (gallstones larger 3 cm; adenomatous polyps>1 cm; pancreatobiliary reflux, porcelain gallbladder, segmental adenomyomatosis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis). "
09/01/2008 - "These include adenomyomatosis, cholesterolosis, polyps, porcelain gallbladder, acalculous cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, emphysematous cholecystitis, gallbladder cancer, and gallbladder hemorrhage. "
04/01/2020 - "There is a myriad of complications that can arise from gallstones: acute cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, emphysematous cholecystitis, gallbladder wall perforations, pericholecystic abscesses, Mirizzi syndrome, cholecystoenteric fistulas, choledocholithiasis, gallstone pancreatitis, porcelain gallbladder, gallbladder malignancies, and many more. "
02/01/2015 - "These conditions are divided into four major categories: (a) congenital anomalies and normal variants including duplication, ectopia, and lymphangioma; (b) inflammatory processes and stone-related diseases and complications including adenomyomatosis, emphysematous cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, gangrenous and hemorrhagic cholecystitis, perforation, gallstone ileus, and Bouveret and Mirizzi syndromes; (c) gallbladder neoplasms including adenocarcinoma with associated porcelain gallbladder, squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma, melanoma, and neurofibroma. "
4. CholesterolIBA
03/01/2002 - "Tumorlike lesions are more commonly found in the gallbladder and include xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, adenomyomatous hyperplasia, cholesterol polyps, and heterotopias. "
12/01/2012 - "Of these 153 patients, 36 had gallbladder cancer and 117 had benign gallbladder diseases (67 chronic cholecystitis, 44 adenomyomatosis, four cholesterol polyp, one gallbladder adenoma, and one xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis). "
01/01/2013 - "The frequency of histological lesions were as follows: acute gangrenous inflammation (8 cases, 1.5%), Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses (RAS) (351 cases, 65%), microliths or inspissated bile in RAS (108 cases, 20%), adenomyomatous changes (16 cases, 3.0 %), focal abscess formations (12 cases, 2.2%), focal xanthogranulomatous changes (15 cases, 2.8%), mucosal ulcers (61 cases, 11.3%), cholesterosis (62 cases, 11%), cholesterol polyp (32 cases, 6%), pyloric gland metaplasia (292 cases, 54%), adenoma (7 cases, 1.3%), xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (5 cases, 1%), invasive adenocarcinoma (12 cases, 2.2%), and cystadenocarcinoma (1 cases, 0.2%). "
07/01/2017 - "Histological examination of the surgical specimens showed chronic cholecystitis (n = 1319) (67,29%), acute cholecystitis (n = 117) (5,96%), cholestrolosis (n = 255) (13%), follicular cholecystitis (n = 230) (11,73%), xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (n = 6) (0,30%), cholesterol polyps (n = 5) (0,255), tubular adenoma (n = 3) (0,15%), mucocele (n = 2) (0,10%), pancreatic heterotopia (n = 2 ) (0,10%), hyperplastic Luschka ducts (n = 2) (0,10%), adenomyoma (n = 2) (0,10%), porcelain calcification (n = 2) (0,10%) and biliary-type adenocarcinoma (n = 9) (0,46%). "
5. Carcinoembryonic AntigenIBA
6. AntigensIBA
7. Tumor Biomarkers (Tumor Markers)IBA
8. Immunoglobulin G (IgG)IBA
9. CarbohydratesIBA
10. Scavenger Receptors (Scavenger Receptor)IBA

Therapies and Procedures

1. Cholecystectomy
2. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
3. Conversion to Open Surgery
4. Knee Replacement Arthroplasty (Total Knee Replacement)
5. Stents