N''- cyano- N- (6- amino- 3,4- dihydro- 3- hydroxy- 2- methyl- 2- dimethoxymethyl- 2H- benzopyran- 4- yl)- N'- benzylguanidine

04/01/2004 - "KR-31378 ameliorates atherosclerosis by blocking monocyte recruitment in hypercholestrolemic mice."
04/01/2004 - "These results indicate that KR-31378 potently reduces fatty streak formation by inhibiting NF-kappaB-dependent cellular adhesion and chemotactic molecule expression, which are crucial to monocyte infiltration into the arterial wall during the early stages of atherogenesis."
04/01/2004 - "To address the possibility that KR-31378 may influence the initial stages of atherogenesis, we examined its effect on the adhesion and migration of monocytes to endothelial cells stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha. "

04/01/2002 - "This study shows the preventive effect of KR-31378 [(2S,3S,4R)-N"-cyano-N-(6-amino-3,4-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-dimethoxymethyl-2H-benzopyran-4-yl)-N'-benzylguanidine] against cerebral infarct via antioxidant and antiapoptotic actions evoked by subjecting rats to 2 h of occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery followed by 24 h of reperfusion. "

04/01/2009 - "KR-31378 was injected intraperitoneally and administered orally in the acute and chronic ischemia models, respectively. "
07/01/2003 - "KR-31378 is a new drug candidate intended for the use in the prevention of ischemia-reperfusion damage. "
04/01/2002 - "The infarct area was significantly reduced after three intraperitoneal administrations of 10, 30, or 50 mg/kg KR-31378 at 5 min, 4 h, and 8 h after the completion of 2 h of ischemia. "
04/01/2009 - "Furthermore, the KR-31378 protective effect was inhibited by glibenclamide treatment in acute ischemia. "
04/01/2009 - "To investigate the ability of KR-31378 to protect retinal ganglion cells (RGC), experiments were conducted using two retinal ischemia models. "

07/01/2003 - "KR-31378 is a new drug candidate intended for the use in the prevention of ischemia-reperfusion damage. "
04/01/2004 - "Dose-dependent pharmacokinetics of KR-31378, a new neuroprotective agent for ischaemia-reperfusion damage in dogs."
04/01/2004 - "Dose-dependent pharmacokinetic parameters of KR-31378, a new neuroprotective agent for ischaemia-reperfusion damage, were evaluated after intravenous and oral administration of the drug at doses of 5, 10 and 25 mg/kg to male beagle dogs. "
03/01/2001 - "A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of a neuroprotective agent for ischemia-reperfusion damage, KR-31378, in human plasma and urine and in rat tissue homogenates. "
03/01/2001 - "High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of a new neuroprotective agent for ischemia-reperfusion damage, KR-31378."

04/01/2002 - "The infarct area was significantly reduced after three intraperitoneal administrations of 10, 30, or 50 mg/kg KR-31378 at 5 min, 4 h, and 8 h after the completion of 2 h of ischemia. "
07/01/2006 - "In rats with congestive heart failure, induced by permanent coronary artery occlusion for 8 weeks, KR-31378 significantly reversed the cardiac dysfunction (increase in ratios of stroke volume or cardiac output to body weight) induced by myocardial infarction without reducing infarct size. "
03/08/2004 - "Treatment with KR-31378 (30 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly reduced infarct area and edema by 24% and 36%, respectively, in rats subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion and 22 h of reperfusion with significant attenuation of elevated lipid peroxidation (99% of normal) and glutathione loss (60% of normal) in ischemic hemisphere. "