nodularin

cyclic pentapeptide toxin from NODULARIA SPUMIGENA

Also Known As:

cyclo((2S,3S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyl-4,6-decadienoyl-d-gamma-glutamyl-(2Z)-2-(methylamino)-2-butenoyl-(3S)-3-methyl-d-beta-aspartyl-L-arginyl); nodularin R; nodularin-R; Cyclo((Z)-2,3-didehydro-N-methyl-2-aminobutanoyl-erythro-3-methyl-D-beta-aspartyl-L-arginyl-(2S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-4,5,6,7-tetradehydro-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyl-L-3-aminodecanoyl-D-gamma-glutamyl)

Networked: 17 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 0 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Fujiki, Hirota: 2 articles (01/2011 - 01/2009)
2.	Suganuma, Masami: 2 articles (01/2011 - 01/2009)
3.	Meriluoto, J: 2 articles (07/2006 - 01/2001)
4.	Holmfeldt, Karin: 1 article (01/2018)
5.	Kuznecova, Jolita: 1 article (01/2018)
6.	Kvederavičiūtė, Kotryna: 1 article (01/2018)
7.	Mazur-Marzec, Hanna: 1 article (01/2018)
8.	Vitonytė, Irma: 1 article (01/2018)
9.	Šimoliūnas, Eugenijus: 1 article (01/2018)
10.	Šulčius, Sigitas: 1 article (01/2018)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 05/21/2006 - "Compared with AFB1 exposure alone, MC-LR and nodularin yielded approximately 3-fold and 6-fold increases in the incidence of AFB(1)-induced liver tumors in wild-type animals at 24 wk, respectively. " 08/01/1999 - "The tumor-promoting effect of nodularin during carcinogenesis was investigated. " 05/15/2009 - "Prominent members of these toxins are microcystin LR (MC LR) and nodularin (Nod), which are under suspicion to cause cancer. " 07/14/2006 - "It was shown that nodularin is a liver carcinogen possessing both initiating and tumor-promoting activities. " 04/01/2002 - "Nodularin is a hepatotoxin from a cyanobacterium, Nodularia spumigena, that inhibits protein phosphatases 1 and 2 and posseses tumor-promoting activity. "
2.	Carcinogenesis 07/14/2006 - "These results suggest a causative role for nodularin in the process leading to the accumulation of genetic alterations which may be implicated in carcinogenesis." 08/01/1999 - "The tumor-promoting effect of nodularin during carcinogenesis was investigated. " 07/01/2002 - "We previously observed that the serum testosterone level was greatly reduced in the course of diethylnitrosamine-nodularin-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Fischer 344 male rats (Lim et al., Gastroenterological Carcinogenesis, 1999). " 01/01/2011 - "Two-stage carcinogenesis experiments with microcystin-LR and nodularin for the first time demonstrated that microcystin-LR is a new tumor promoter in rat liver initiated with diethylnitrosamine (DEN), and that nodularin is a potent tumor promoter associated with weak initiating activity in rat liver initiated with DEN. " 12/15/1994 - "A two-stage carcinogenesis experiment in rat liver initiated with diethylnitrosamine and without partial hepatectomy revealed that nodularin stimulated glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive foci in rat liver more effectively than did microcystin-LR, and that nodularin alone induced glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive foci as well as did diethylnitrosamine alone. "
3.	Body Weight (Weight, Body) 04/01/2002 - "Moreover, co-treatment and post-treatment with 10 and 15 mg/kg body weight of melatonin may protect against nodularin-induced oxidative stress. " 04/01/2002 - "Co-treatment (nodularin 5 microg/kg body weight + melatonin 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg body weight per 7 days) and post-treatment with melatonin (nodularin 5 microg/kg body weight per 7 days + melatonin 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg body weight per next 7 days) increased the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px in comparison to the nodularin group. " 05/21/2006 - "One-week-old animals carrying HBV x gene and their wild-type littermates were intraperitoneally (ip) injected with either single-dose AFB1 [6 mg/kg body weight (bw)], repeated-dose cyanotoxins (microcystin-LR or nodularin, 10 microg/kg bw once a week for 15 wk), DMSO (vehicle control) alone, or AFB1 followed by cyanotoxins a week later, and were sacrificed at 24 and 52 wk post-treatment. " 04/01/2002 - "We studied the effect of nodularin (1, 5, and 10 microg/kg body weight) and melatonin (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg body weight) administration on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in mouse liver. "
4.	Poisoning 01/01/2001 - "spumigena strains can produce nodularin, a hepatotoxic penta-peptide, which has caused several animal poisonings in the Baltic Sea area. "
5.	Necrosis 06/01/2005 - "We studied whether benthic cyanobacterial extracts caused cytotoxicity by necrosis or induced apoptosis in two mammalian cell lines, a human leukemia cell line (HL-60) and a mouse fibroblast cell line (3T3 Swiss), and examined potential hepatotoxin (microcystin and nodularin) production. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	cyanoginosin LR (microcystin LR)
2.	Diethylnitrosamine (N-Nitrosodiethylamine)
3.	Carcinogens
4.	Phosphoprotein Phosphatases (Phosphatases, Protein)
5.	Peptides (Polypeptides)
6.	Cyanobacteria Toxins
7.	microcystin
8.	Protein Phosphatase 1
9.	Testosterone (Sustanon)
10.	Superoxide Dismutase

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Hepatectomy