bone wax

02/01/2015 - "The bleeding of bone marrow can be mostly stopped by bone wax. "
01/01/2015 - "Herein, ordinary bone wax was used to stop bleeding intraoperatively at the site of a peroneal tubercle resection. "
09/15/2014 - "In cases when brisk venous bleeding is encountered, signifying potential compromise of an emissary vein, use of other hemostatic agents such as bone wax may be a safer option. "
07/01/2014 - "After the procedure, in each case the alveolus was filled with bone wax to stop bleeding. "
07/01/2014 - "Bone wax is applied to avoid local bleeding and then the decancelled transverse process is inspected. "

11/01/2002 - "Bone wax as a way to prevent hematoma after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction."
01/01/2011 - "The application of bone wax and spongostan to bleeding cancellous bone surfaces at the donor site is a safe and effective method to reduce bleeding and hematoma. "

01/01/2015 - "However, bone wax should be avoided, especially in high-risk patients for nonunion of the sternum and infections. "
04/01/2004 - "Increased risk of infection should be considered when using bone wax as a hemostatic agent."
04/01/2004 - "Surgical-site infection occurred in 6 of 42 neurospinal cases in which bone wax was used and in 1 of 72 cases in which it was not used during a 3-month period (P < .01). "
04/01/2004 - "Bone wax as a risk factor for surgical-site infection following neurospinal surgery."
01/01/2014 - "No evidence was found that application of bone wax causes deep sternal infection in patients having median sternotomy for coronary bypass surgery."

02/01/2008 - "After 4 weeks, all defects treated with bone wax were infected and osteomyelitis had developed, and none had evidence of bone healing. "
12/01/1993 - "Although all of the animals developed clinical evidence of osteomyelitis that was supported by positive cultures, the original organism (S aureus) was recovered only from those animals where bone wax had been used to seal the cortical defects. "
06/01/1990 - "The addition of bone wax greatly reduced the quantitative bacterial inoculum (log colony-forming units) required to establish chronic osteomyelitis in 50% and 100% of challenged animals. "
06/01/1990 - "The promotional effect of bone wax on experimental Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis."
04/01/1981 - "In 1976, we abandoned use of bone wax because it was suspected of causing several cases of Mycobacterium fortuitum sternal osteomyelitis. "

01/01/1983 - "Bone wax is suggested as one possible means of attaining cancellous bone hemostasis, which is theorized to be a contributing factor in immediate and prolonged postoperative edema."
11/01/1987 - "The authors discovered 80% of the patients utilizing bone wax, and 91% of the patients receiving Gelfoam paste, had markedly decreased amounts of immediate postoperative edema. "
11/01/1987 - "Gelfoam paste and bone wax were chosen to study the effects that bone hemostatic agents have on the occurrence and severity of postoperative edema and pain. "
11/01/2001 - "Histologically, slight edema around the implant was seen in group I. In group II, collagen was increased around the implants and minimal hyperplasia of the epithelium overlaying bone wax was noted. "