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2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone (enterolactone)

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lignan isolated from urine of humans & other mammals; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in second source

Also Known As:

enterolactone; 2,3-BHBB; 2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone, (trans)-(+-)-isomer; 2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone, (trans)-isomer; 3,4-bis((3-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)dihydro-2-(3H)-furanone; BHMDF; HPMF; trans-2,3-bis(3-hydroxybenzyl)-gamma-butyrolactone; 2(3H)-Furanone, dihydro-3,4-bis((3-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)-

Networked: 133 relevant articles (9 outcomes, 33 trials/studies)

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Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Adlercreutz, Herman: 15 articles (05/2009 - 03/2002)
2.	Linseisen, Jakob: 8 articles (08/2014 - 06/2004)
3.	Saarinen, Niina M: 8 articles (08/2010 - 08/2002)
4.	Chang-Claude, Jenny: 7 articles (08/2014 - 06/2004)
5.	Adlercreutz, H: 7 articles (08/2008 - 03/2001)
6.	Thompson, Lilian U: 7 articles (07/2007 - 07/2003)
7.	Kaaks, Rudolf: 5 articles (08/2014 - 12/2004)
8.	Tjønneland, Anne: 5 articles (06/2013 - 10/2004)
9.	Olsen, Anja: 5 articles (06/2013 - 10/2004)
10.	Overvad, Kim: 5 articles (06/2013 - 10/2004)

Related Diseases

1.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 04/01/2012 - "We previously demonstrated that high serum enterolactone levels are associated with a reduced incidence of breast cancer in healthy women. " 06/01/2013 - "To prospectively examine this association, we measured plasma enterolactone levels in 802 breast cancer cases and 802 matched controls nested among predominantly premenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Study II cohort. " 06/01/2013 - "Plasma enterolactone and breast cancer risk in the Nurses' Health Study II." 04/01/2012 - "The present study was aimed at investigating whether a similar association might be found between serum enterolactone levels and the mortality of women with early breast cancer. " 03/15/2012 - "The overall evidence together with other studies supports an inverse association between higher serum enterolactone levels and postmenopausal breast cancer risk."
2.	Prostatic Neoplasms (Prostate Cancer) 05/01/2002 - "No support for the hypothesis that high circulating enterolactone is protective against prostate cancer was found." 02/01/2013 - "There is evidence that a mammalian lignan, enterolactone (ENL), decreases the proliferation rate of prostate cancer cells, although previous studies have used concentrations difficult to achieve through dietary modification. " 04/01/2009 - "The finding of this study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms that enterolactone exerts against prostate cancer." 04/01/2009 - "This study examined whether the growth inhibitory effect of enterolactone was related to changes in the IGF-1/IGF-1R system in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. " 09/01/2007 - "Our findings encourage further studies of enterolactone as a promising chemopreventive agent against prostate cancer."
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 12/18/1999 - "The lignan enterolactone, produced by the intestinal microflora from dietary precursors, has been implicated in protection against cancer. " 08/01/2008 - "Although the estimated ICC for blood samples was moderate, it indicates that enterolactone levels of both fasting and non-fasting blood samples should be useful in future projects within the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort." 08/01/2008 - "Variation in fasting and non-fasting serum enterolactone concentrations in women of the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort." 05/12/2003 - "Enterolactone is a plant-derived compound that has been associated with a reduced risk of acute coronary events and cancer. " 08/01/2002 - "Both intake of whole grain and higher levels of serum enterolactone have been related to reduced risk for CHD and some cancers. "
4.	Colonic Neoplasms (Colon Cancer) 05/01/2005 - "Enterolactone induces apoptosis and inhibits growth of Colo 201 human colon cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo." 01/01/2010 - "In conclusion, with higher enterolactone levels, we found lower risk of colon cancer among women and higher risk of rectal cancer among men." 11/01/2010 - "Our previous study demonstrated that lignan metabolites enterolactone and enterodiol inhibited colonic cancer cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. " 01/01/2010 - "Among men, a doubling in enterolactone tended to be associated with higher risk of colon cancer [IRR (95% CI) = 1.09 (0.89-1.34)] and was associated with statistically significantly higher risk of rectal cancer [IRR (95% CI) = 1.74 (1.25-2.44)]. " 01/01/2010 - "For each doubling in enterolactone concentration, we found lower risk of colon cancer among women [IRR (95% CI) = 0.76 (0.60-0.96)] and a tendency toward lower risk of rectal cancer [IRR (95% CI) = 0.83 (0.60-1.14)]. "
5.	Atherosclerosis 09/01/2007 - "Enterolactone has been suggested to be the prime active compound mediating atherosclerosis-protective effects that were shown for flaxseed. " 09/01/2007 - "In conclusion, the blood mononuclear cell proteome responds to dietary flaxseed intake with changes in a number of atherosclerosis-relevant proteins that may be taken as biomarkers of exposure and some of these changes observed can be attributed to the action of the lignan metabolite enterolactone."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Lignans
2.	2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol (enterodiol)
3.	Hormones
4.	Genistein
5.	Phytoestrogens (Phytoestrogen)
6.	matairesinol
7.	secoisolariciresinol
8.	Estradiol (Estrace)
9.	Tamoxifen
10.	equol

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Vegetarian Diet (Vegetarianism)
2.	Injections