protoporphyrin IX

02/15/1997 - "Tumor PpIX concentrations were significantly greater than in other tissues except liver. "
01/01/2013 - "It was demonstrated that porphyrin accumulates substantially more in tumors than in normal tissues, and consequently more PPIX reaches the blood of patients and animals with tumors, and then, it needs to be eliminated. "
06/01/2011 - "Importantly, PpIX-GC-NPs-treated mice presented prolonged blood circulation, enhanced tumor targeting ability, and improved in vivo therapeutic efficiency in tumor-bearing mice, compared to that of free PpIX-treated mice. "
05/01/2009 - "In SCC7 tumor-bearing mice, PpIX-CNPs exhibited enhanced tumor specificity and increased therapeutic efficacy compared to free PpIX. "
04/01/2001 - "The penetration depth of PPIX after topical application of 5-ALA was found to be limited to less than 1 mm. PPIX fluorescence induced by topical application of 5-ALA can be very useful in the determination of superficial tumor margins. "

06/01/2000 - "Finally, these results show that the esterification of ALA can greatly increase its cellular uptake, so generating more intracellular PpIX, improved tumour cell photosensitization and enhanced photocytotoxicity."
01/01/2014 - "ALAS2 variants that cause high levels of PPIX accumulation provide a new means of targeted, and potentially enhanced, photosensitization. "
06/01/2007 - "These demonstrated an overall damage to the PSI and PSII reaction centers by (1)O(2) produced in response to photosensitization reaction of protoporphyrin IX in AF-Na-treated cucumber seedlings."
06/01/2007 - "Impairment of the photosynthetic apparatus by oxidative stress induced by photosensitization reaction of protoporphyrin IX."
07/01/2004 - "Increased PPIX accumulation in tumour and inflamed brain tissue in comparison to normal brain tissue suggest the feasibility of selective photosensitization of such tissue."

09/01/2015 - "Despite the benefits of complete resection and the advances in fluorescence-guided surgery, few studies have investigated the use of PpIX in low-grade gliomas (LGGs). "
07/01/2014 - "In two further studies, we found that 5-ALA induced PpIX fluorescence is capable as a novel intra-operative marker to detect anaplastic foci within initially suspected low-grade gliomas independent of brainshift. "
07/01/2012 - "To evaluate further the effect of PHY on PpIX fluorescence, and to establish its significance in clinical practice, animal and clinical studies are required, because the results presented here imply PHY may reduce intracellular accumulation of PpIX in patients with high-grade gliomas."
01/01/2016 - "5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Protoporphyrin IX Fluorescence-Guided Surgery of High-Grade Gliomas: A Systematic Review."
09/01/2015 - "Quantitative fluorescence using 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX biomarker as a surgical adjunct in low-grade glioma surgery."

10/01/2003 - "Intracellular localization is a cofactor for the phototoxicity of protoporphyrin IX in the gastrointestinal tract: in vitro study."
12/01/2002 - "Phototoxicity studies reveal PME to be a more potent photosensitizer than is PpIX, at the early and late incubation time points. "
10/16/2000 - "This work relates to studies on modes of phototoxicity by protoporphyrin (PpIX) after incubation of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) on cultured cells. "
02/01/2012 - "Cotreatment with the surfactant resulted in an increased intracellular ALA level, PpIX formation, and phototoxicity."
06/01/2011 - "Based on the nanoparticle structure, PpIX-GC-NPs showed the self-quenching effect that is 'off' state with no fluorescence signal and phototoxicity with light exposure. "

04/01/2002 - "According to the results of this study a difference in PpIX accumulation in urothelial carcinoma or normal urothelium and the muscular layer of the bladder can be achieved by each route of ALA administration. "
12/01/2000 - "The present study addresses the ALA and hALA-induced PpIX pharmacokinetic profile using rat bladder carcinoma cells (AY27). "
07/18/2009 - "Interestingly, when exogenously restored, the protein suppresses the growth of human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells which is further enhanced by PpIX. "
01/01/2009 - "We investigated fluorescence of protoporphyrin IX in skin carcinomas. "
01/01/2009 - "Regulation of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated protoporphyrin IX accumulation in human urothelial carcinomas."