16-hydroxyestrone

09/01/2009 - "The 2:16 OHE ratio (2-hydroxyestrone/16-alpha-hydroxyestrone) in women at high risk for breast cancer was similar to that observed in the breast cancer group (1.76 +/- 2.33 versus 1.29 +/- 0.80) and lower than in controls (2.47 +/- 1.14; P = 0.00). "
07/01/1997 - "These data suggest a strong, inverse association of the EMR and a strong positive association of 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone with breast cancer in postmenopausal women. "
08/28/1990 - "In vitro synthesis of 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone by female rat liver microsomes: its possible role in the etiology of breast cancer."
03/01/1990 - "This metabolic pathway leads to the formation of 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone (16 alpha-OHE1), a putative promoter of mammary cancer. "
06/01/2008 - "E1/E2 and their metabolite 16-hydroxyestrone (16-OHE1, known to be carcinogenic) could be involved in the development of many cancers including human breast cancer. "

08/01/1999 - "There are indications that endogenous production of proliferation-stimulating metabolites, especially 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone, which has been shown to be mutagenic, is increased in some cancers. "
06/01/2008 - "E1/E2 and their metabolite 16-hydroxyestrone (16-OHE1, known to be carcinogenic) could be involved in the development of many cancers including human breast cancer. "
10/01/2002 - "Significantly greater amounts of both 2- and 4-hydroxyestradiol, along with a marked increase of 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone (OHE(1)), were observed in cancer with respect to normal breast tissues. "
04/01/2002 - "Results of experiments in multiple laboratories over the last 20 years have shown that a large part of the cancer-inducing effect of estrogen involves the formation of agonistic metabolites of estrogen, especially 16-alpha-hydroxyestrone. "
10/01/1995 - "Both 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone and 11 beta-methoxyestradiol induced intermediate tumor incidences with distinctly lower frequencies of renal tumor foci compared to the most potent carcinogenic estrogens. "

08/01/1996 - "The main objective of this study was to assess the reliability of a newly developed enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the measurement of 2- and 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone in urine samples collected from a large group of healthy premenopausal women enrolled in a clinical trial A secondary objective was to assess the impact of several factors such as body weight on the urinary estrogen metabolite ratios. "

10/01/1985 - "Determination of 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone by radioimmunoassay in systemic lupus erythematosus."
10/01/1985 - "A radioimmunoassay for the feminizing metabolite 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone was applied to a variety of sera from healthy volunteers, patients with active or inactive systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and patients with other rheumatic diseases. "
05/01/1985 - "Increased levels of 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone-modified proteins in pregnancy and in systemic lupus erythematosus."
12/31/1985 - "Disturbed estrogen metabolism leading to increased 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone (16 alpha-OHE) has been described in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and mammary carcinoma. "
09/01/1980 - "Metabolism of estradiol in men with cirrhosis and subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus results in an excessive formation of 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone. "

06/01/2020 - "Estrogen metabolite concentrations of 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1) and 16-hydroxyestrone (16-OHE1) may be associated with breast carcinogenesis. "
01/01/1998 - "Several compounds--including 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone (16 alpha-OHE1), catecholestrogens, and aromatic amines--have been proposed as initiators of mammary carcinogenesis in humans; however, their role as genotoxins is unconfirmed. "
11/01/1994 - "In conclusion, conversion of estrone to its catechol metabolites by microsomes of hamster kidney, a target organ of estrogen-induced carcinogenesis, is quantitatively more important than the conversion to 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone. "