2-xylene (o-xylene)

11/12/1999 - "The o-xylene-induced increase in BaP adduct formation in lung and decrease in liver indicate that coexposure to organic solvents such as the methyl benzenes may alter the carcinogenesis of BaP, or other PAHs, in an organ-specific fashion."
12/01/1986 - "NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Xylenes (Mixed) (60% m-Xylene, 14% p-Xylene, 9% o-Xylene, and 17% Ethylbenzene) (CAS No. 1330-20-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies)."

01/01/2023 - "That is, when the blood benzene and O-xylene concentrations reached 0.28 ng/mL and 0.08 ng/mL, respectively, the risk of COPD was the highest. "
01/01/2023 - "We found a positive association between blood benzene and blood o-xylene concentrations and COPD risk and identified a concentration relationship between the two. "
01/01/2023 - "This study revealed that blood benzene and blood o-xylene were independently and positively correlated with COPD risk, suggesting that long-term exposure to benzene and O-xylene may cause pulmonary diseases, and providing a new standard of related blood VOCs concentration for the prevention of COPD."

01/01/2023 - "This study revealed that blood benzene and blood o-xylene were independently and positively correlated with COPD risk, suggesting that long-term exposure to benzene and O-xylene may cause pulmonary diseases, and providing a new standard of related blood VOCs concentration for the prevention of COPD."

01/01/2018 - "Percentile 95% of THQ due to benzene (4.973) and o-xylene (1.272) was higher than a value of 1. Percentile 95% excessive cancer risk (ECR) for benzene (1.25 × 10⁶) and ethylbenzene (1.11 × 10⁶) was higher than a value of 1.00 × 10⁶. "
02/08/2018 - "The values of hazard quotient and hazard index were less than 1 for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and o-xylene (BTEX), showing that they had no appreciable risk of non-cancer health effects on the exposed population. "
10/05/2016 - "For treating concentrations of 220μg/m(3) (ethylbenzene), 260μg/m(3) (p,m-xylene), 260μg/m(3) (o-xylene) and 320μg/m(3) (toluene), at a flow rate of 7L/min for 12h in a laboratory of volume 195m(3), the estimated cancer risks of by-products to the occupants were 1.51×10(-6), 1.06×10(-6), 4.69×10(-7), and 1.58×10(-9) respectively. "
01/01/2014 - "Health risk assessment showed that BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene and p-xylene) and styrene had no appreciable adverse non-cancer health risks for the exposed population, while benzene has potential cancer risk of 1.34E-05. "
12/01/2013 - "Health risk assessment showed that n-hexane, 1,3-butadiene, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m/p-xylene and o-xylene had no appreciable risk of adverse non-cancer health effect on the exposed population, but 1, 3-butadiene and benzene had potential cancer risk. "

01/01/2022 - "In pleural fluid, the most important exposure biomarkers for lung cancer were naphthalene, ethylbenzene, and o-xylene. "
01/01/2021 - "Districts with a higher concentration for NOx (IRR = 1.05, for each 10 unit increase in air pollutant), benzene (IRR = 3.86), toluene (IRR = 1.50), ethylbenzene (IRR = 5.16), p-xylene (IRR = 9.41), o-xylene (IRR = 7.93), m-xylene (IRR = 2.63) and TBTEX (IRR = 1.21) were significantly associated with higher lung cancer incidence. "
12/01/2011 - "In the breath of patients with lung cancer, increased concentration of ethanol, acetone, butane, dimethyl sulfide, isoprene, propanal, 1-propanol, 2-pentanone, furan, o-xylene and ethylbenzene was observed in comparison to healthy nonsmokers. "
09/28/2013 - "The e-nose was then successfully used to detect several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) selected among lung cancer biomarkers: a first set of seven polar vapours (water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, propanol, isopropanol, and 2-butanone), and another set of eleven less and nonpolar vapours (chloroform, toluene, benzene, styrene, cyclohexane, o-xylene, n-propane, n-decane, 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene, isoprene, and 1-hexene). "