E 64

cysteine protease inhibitor of microbial origin, which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1) and cathepsin L (EC 3.4.22.-)

Also Known As:

E-64; L-trans-epoxysuccinyl-leucylamido(4-guanidino)butane; N-(N-(L-3-trans-carboxyoxirane-2-carbonyl)-L-leucyl)agmatine; Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 3-(((1-(((4-((aminoiminomethyl)amino)butyl)amino)carbonyl)-3-methylbutyl)amino)carbonyl)-, (2S-(2alpha,3beta(R*)))-

Networked: 84 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 3 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins: 1
- Amino Acids: 30675
  - Branched-Chain Amino Acids: 2289
    - Leucine: 6718
      - E 64: 84
  - Essential Amino Acids: 1152
    - Leucine: 6718
      - E 64: 84

Experts

1.	Alshehri, Sameer: 2 articles (01/2022 - 09/2019)
2.	Fan, Wei: 2 articles (01/2022 - 09/2019)
3.	Garrison, Jered C: 2 articles (01/2022 - 09/2019)
4.	Zhang, Wenting: 2 articles (01/2022 - 09/2019)
5.	Campbell, Robert L: 2 articles (11/2018 - 06/2004)
6.	Davies, Peter L: 2 articles (11/2018 - 06/2004)
7.	Platt, Manu O: 2 articles (10/2016 - 05/2016)
8.	Wilder, Catera L: 2 articles (10/2016 - 05/2016)
9.	Bogyo, M: 2 articles (08/2001 - 08/2000)
10.	Greenbaum, D: 2 articles (08/2001 - 08/2000)

Related Diseases

1.	Cryptococcosis 01/01/2006 - "Thus, the efficacy of amphotericin B and flucytosine in combination was investigated by mortality and fungal burden studies in a murine model of disseminated cryptococcosis using two clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans, one susceptible and one resistant (i.e., 64 microg/ml) to flucytosine. "
2.	Infections 04/01/2009 - "In vivo, the response was evaluated experimentally through counting oocysts out-put every other day until the infection eradicated from the stools of infected E-64 treated mice compared to untreated. " 11/01/2022 - "fowleri infection was determined; we preincubated trophozoites with E-64, pHMB or antibodies with which we obtained 60%, 100%, and 60% of survival, respectively, in infected mice. " 03/07/2022 - "At 6 days post-infection, mice which were infected with ML treated with PMSF, E-64, 1,10-Phe or pepstatin exhibited 56.30, 64.91, 26.42 and 31.85% reductions in intestinal adult worms compared to mice in the PBS group (P < 0.0001). " 04/01/1999 - "Upon infection, rcISVPs behaved identically to virions in showing an extended lag phase prior to exponential growth and in being inhibited from entering cells by either the weak base NH4Cl or the cysteine proteinase inhibitor E-64. " 01/01/1998 - "Oral azithromycin prophylaxis (500 mg/w) outperformed BPG, preventing infection from Streptococcus pyogenes (Efficacy [E] = 84%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 63%-93%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (E = 80%; 95% CI, 50%-92%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (E = 64%; 95% CI, 25%-83%), and Chlamydia pneumoniae (E = 58%; 95% CI, 15%-79%) in comparison with results in a no-treatment group. "
3.	Muscular Dystrophies (Muscular Dystrophy) 08/01/1986 - "E-64-c, a synthetic analog of E-64, was effective in model animals of muscular dystrophy only when it was given intraperitoneally and by means of osmotic minipump. "
4.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis) 01/01/2014 - "It is well known that E-64 protects the cell from apoptosis, however, it causes apoptotic effect in carcinoma cell lines. " 01/01/1992 - "We now report that E-64 sensitizes the BLM resistant human lung carcinoma A-549 by a mechanism unrelated to the inhibition of BLM metabolism. " 05/15/1992 - "We now report that the human colon carcinoma COLO-205 is highly resistant to BLM and that E-64, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor, sensitizes COLO-205 to BLM. " 01/01/1992 - "These results demonstrate that the cysteine proteinase inhibitor, E-64, sensitized human lung carcinoma A-549 to BLM and, contrary to the expected mechanism, this effect of E-64 was not related to the inhibition of BLM metabolism." 03/01/1997 - "Inhibition of carcinoma cell invasion and liver metastases formation by the cysteine proteinase inhibitor E-64."
5.	Proteinuria 09/30/1988 - "In two separate studies using different pools of antiGBM IgG, administration of E-64 (5mg every 6h starting 2hr prior to induction of GN) reduced proteinuria (-45 +/- 7%, and -41 +/- 14%, Mean +/- SEM, n = 6; P less than 0.001) in the 24 hour period following induction of the disease. " 09/30/1988 - "These data, combined with the specificity of E-64 for cysteine proteinases, suggest a potential role for cysteine proteinases in the increased GBM permeability and proteinuria in this experimental model of glomerular disease." 09/30/1988 - "The cysteine proteinase inhibitor, E-64, reduces proteinuria in an experimental model of glomerulonephritis."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Flucytosine (Ancobon)
2.	Amphotericin B (Amphotericin)
3.	N- (N- (3- carboxyoxirane- 2- carbonyl)leucyl)isoamylamine
4.	Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors
5.	Enzymes
6.	Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-1)
7.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
8.	Esters
9.	leupeptin
10.	Peptide Hydrolases (Proteases)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Lenses
3.	Intraperitoneal Injections