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tizanidine (Zanaflex)

RN given refers to parent cpd; structure

Also Known As:

Zanaflex; 5-chloro-4-(2-imidazolin-2-yl-amino)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole; Acorda brand of tizanidine hydrochloride; DS 103-282; Novartis brand of tizanidine hydrochloride; Sanofi Synthelabo brand of tizanidine hydrochloride; Sirdalud; tizanidine hydrochloride; tizanidine monohydrochloride; 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazol-4-amine, 5-chloro-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-

Networked: 175 relevant articles (35 outcomes, 38 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Heterocyclic Compounds: 60
- 1-Ring Heterocyclic Compounds
  - Azoles: 413
    - Imidazoles: 107
      - Imidazolines: 19
        Clonidine: 3708
        tizanidine: 175

Experts

1.	Mirbagheri, Mehdi M: 3 articles (01/2014 - 01/2010)
2.	Mirbagheri, M M: 3 articles (01/2013 - 01/2011)
3.	Niu, X: 3 articles (01/2013 - 01/2011)
4.	Varoqui, D: 3 articles (01/2013 - 01/2011)
5.	Li, Qiang: 2 articles (11/2015 - 10/2008)
6.	Duffell, Lynsey D: 2 articles (01/2014 - 01/2014)
7.	Kindig, M: 2 articles (01/2013 - 01/2012)
8.	Henney, Herbert R: 2 articles (01/2009 - 02/2008)
9.	Adone, R: 2 articles (03/2006 - 01/2000)
10.	Telaro, E: 2 articles (03/2006 - 01/2000)

Related Diseases

1.	Muscle Spasticity (Spastic) 11/01/1994 - "Tizanidine was evaluated in a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 187 patients with MS. Taken orally for 9 weeks and preceded by a titration phase for a period of 3 weeks starting at 2 mg daily, tizanidine produced a significant reduction in spastic muscle tone compared with placebo treatment. " 11/01/2004 - "We conclude that tizanidine is useful for the treatment of refractory sleep disturbance in spastic quadriplegic patients." 11/01/1989 - "Clinical studies have shown that modified release tizanidine improved spasticity and disability in approximately 94% and 79%, respectively, of spastic patients. " 11/01/2004 - "Based on these drug actions, we administered tizanidine to 21 spastic quadriplegic children with severe sleep disturbance not improved by conventional therapies. " 01/01/2014 - "We investigated whether a pharmacological intervention using Tizanidine, an anti-spastic medication acting as an α2-adrenergic agonist, could lead to improvements in walking endurance. "
2.	Pain (Aches) 08/01/2001 - "Treatment with tizanidine resulted in a significant improvement in pain intensity (P=0.0375), quality of life (P=0.0001), and physician assessment of disability (P=0.0001). " 12/01/2014 - "In a double-blinded study, 114 healthy male and female volunteers underwent repeated noxious stimulation under baseline, placebo and active drug conditions where the active drug was the alpha-2 agonist tizanidine 4 mg. In contrast to baseline and placebo conditions, tizanidine 4 mg significantly reduced the magnitudes of the mean pupil dilation response, the mean skin conductance response, the mean near field somatosensory evoked potential peak-to-peak amplitude and the mean pain intensity rating. " 01/01/2014 - "The combined therapy, including reflex action and tizanidine, speeds recovery from pain and ensures the stability of results." 08/01/2008 - "Our objective was to review and summarize the medical literature regarding the evidence for the usefulness of tizanidine in the management of spasticity and in pain syndromes such as myofascial pain. " 06/30/2005 - "The parameters assessed included time to initial pain relief (VAS decrease of at least 1 point with total score remaining above 1 on the 10-point scale) and time to complete pain relief (VAS less than 1 point), total dose of tizanidine needed for initial and complete pain relief, and adverse effects. "
3.	Stroke (Strokes) 08/01/2001 - "The objective of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tizanidine, a centrally acting alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist, in the treatment of stroke-related spasticity. " 07/01/2004 - "The stroke patient's FIM score improved only from 74 to 79 after 4 weeks of tizanidine. " 08/01/2001 - "Open-label dose-titration safety and efficacy study of tizanidine hydrochloride in the treatment of spasticity associated with chronic stroke." 02/01/2008 - "The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of tizanidine and its use in the management of spasticity associated with acquired (SCI), static (stroke), and progressive neurological (MS) diseases. " 07/01/2004 - "All continued on tizanidine except the patient with stroke, who had minimal gains and a low systolic blood pressure. "
4.	Spasm (Spasms) 11/01/1994 - "Tizanidine produced a significantly greater reduction than placebo in spasms and clonus (patient diaries) but no significant differences in Ashworth scores. " 12/01/2013 - "Pharmacokinetic characterization of tizanidine nasal spray, a novel intranasal delivery method for the treatment of skeletal muscle spasm." 03/01/1997 - "Spasm frequency and clonus are also reduced by tizanidine. " 08/01/2001 - "Ten of 47 patients (21%) were able to reach the maximum daily dosage of 36 mg. Overall, the data suggest that tizanidine is safe and efficacious in the treatment of stroke-related spasticity, preserving muscle strength while reducing muscle tone and painful spasms in affected patients." 05/01/2008 - "The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of oral thiocolchicoside (TC), a natural glycoside as compared to an adrenergic alpha 2 agonist tizanidine (TZ) in the Indian patients with LBP accompanied by muscle spasm. "
5.	Neuralgia (Stump Neuralgia) 01/01/2000 - "Tizanidine might be an effective treatment for neuropathic pain, offering an alternative for patients poorly responsive to other medications. " 10/01/2004 - "The antagonist profile from the current study is most consistent with the theory that the alpha2B-adrenergic receptor subtype mediates the analgesic effect of intrathecally administered tizanidine on CCI-associated neuropathic pain." 01/01/2000 - "In an open-label study, patients with neuropathic pain received 1 to 4 mg of tizanidine once daily for 7 days, followed by weekly dose escalation of 2 to 8 mg to his/her effective or maximum tolerated dose or a maximum of 36 mg over an 8-week period. " 01/01/2000 - "The purpose of this research trial is to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of tizanidine in neuropathic pain. " 01/01/2000 - "Effectiveness of tizanidine in neuropathic pain: an open-label study."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Baclofen
2.	tizanidine (Zanaflex)
3.	Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum Toxin)
4.	Ibuprofen (Motrin)
5.	nimesulide (Aulin)
6.	Chitosan
7.	Type A Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum A Toxin)
8.	gabapentin (Neurontin)
9.	Amitriptyline (Elavil)
10.	topiramate (Topamax)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Intramuscular Injections
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
4.	Analgesia
5.	Oral Administration