(N- acetylneuraminyl)- galactosylglucosylceramide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase

converts LacCer to GA2, GM3 to GM2 and GD3 to GD2; also called (1-->4)-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase

Also Known As:

1-4GalNAc-T; GA2 synthase; GD2 synthase; GM2 synthase; GM3 UDP-N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase; GM3-GalNac-transferase; UDP-GalNAc - GlcNAc beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase; UDP-GalNAc-GM3 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase; UDP-GalNAc-GlcNAc-R 1-4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase; UDP-N-acetylgalactosylamine-hematoside N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase; UDPacetylgalactosamine-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-D-galactosyl-D-glucosylceramide acetylgalactosaminyltransferase; beta-1,4-GalNAcT; beta1,4GalNAc-T; beta1,4N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase; beta1-4 GalNAc-T; beta4-GalNAcT

Networked: 38 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 2 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Enzymes and Coenzymes: 1
- Enzymes: 152586
  - Transferases: 6589
    - Glycosyltransferases: 784
      - N-Acetylhexosaminyltransferases
        N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases: 21
        (N-acetylneuraminyl)-galactosylglucosylceramide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase: 38

Experts

1.	Cheung, Irene Y: 5 articles (02/2010 - 06/2002)
2.	Cheung, Nai-Kong V: 5 articles (02/2010 - 06/2002)
3.	Chantada, Guillermo L: 4 articles (01/2019 - 03/2010)
4.	Biswas, Kaushik: 3 articles (03/2015 - 05/2007)
5.	Furukawa, Keiko: 3 articles (03/2014 - 01/2003)
6.	Furukawa, Koichi: 3 articles (03/2014 - 01/2003)
7.	Kushner, Brian H: 3 articles (10/2003 - 06/2002)
8.	Lo Piccolo, M Serena: 3 articles (10/2003 - 06/2002)
9.	Sampor, Claudia: 2 articles (01/2019 - 09/2013)
10.	Schaiquevich, Paula: 2 articles (01/2019 - 01/2016)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 08/15/2001 - "The current study found that molecular detection of GD2 synthase transcript in NB BMs may have potential value in detecting rare tumor cells." 02/01/2010 - "GD2/GM2 synthase transcript levels were obtained from tumor tissue, BM, or PB of 29 patients in the pilot study. " 02/01/2010 - "Peripheral blood (PB), bone marrow and tumor tissues were used to measure GD2/GM2 synthase levels. " 06/01/2002 - "GD2-positive tumor cells before and after purging were quantified by real-time quantitative RT-PCR of GD2 synthase. " 08/15/2001 - "GD2 synthase transcript was present in 5 of 5 cell lines and in 77 of 77 tumors tested. "
2.	Neuroblastoma 11/20/2008 - "PHOX2B is superior to TH and GD2 synthase in specificity and sensitivity for MRD detection of neuroblastoma by using real-time quantitative PCR. " 08/15/2001 - "GD2 synthase: a new molecular marker for detecting neuroblastoma." 10/15/1992 - "Thus, the high GD2:GD3 ratios characteristic of most neuroblastomas result from low levels of GD3 synthase as well as high levels of GD2 synthase. " 10/01/2006 - "Neuroblastoma cell contamination of 27 PBSC harvests from stage IV neuroblastoma patients was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR for both tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and GD2 synthase (GD2-s). " 10/15/2003 - "GD2 synthase mRNA is a sensitive response marker of neuroblastoma in the bone marrow. "
3.	Prion Diseases (Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies) 01/01/2019 - "To investigate the role of gangliosides in the pathogenesis of prion diseases, we performed intracerebral transmission study of a scrapie prion strain Chandler and a Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome prion strain Fukuoka-1 using various knockout mouse strains ablated with ganglioside synthase gene (ie, GD2/GM2 synthase, GD3 synthase, or GM3 synthase). "
4.	Scrapie 01/01/2019 - "To investigate the role of gangliosides in the pathogenesis of prion diseases, we performed intracerebral transmission study of a scrapie prion strain Chandler and a Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome prion strain Fukuoka-1 using various knockout mouse strains ablated with ganglioside synthase gene (ie, GD2/GM2 synthase, GD3 synthase, or GM3 synthase). "
5.	Melanoma (Melanoma, Malignant) 03/07/2014 - "Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that melanomas expressed high levels of mRNA of GD3 synthase and GM2/GD2 synthase genes and low levels of GM1/GD1b synthase genes compared with melanocytes. " 10/03/1997 - "Introduction of the cDNA clone into a mouse melanoma line B16 previously transfected with a GM2/GD2 synthase gene resulted in the neo-synthesis of GM1. " 10/20/1995 - "267, 12082-12089) had isolated a putative cDNA coding for beta 1,4 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GM2/GD2 synthase) and demonstrated the presence of GM2 and/or GD2 gangliosides in melanoma cell lines stably transfected with this gene. " 02/01/1999 - "The molecular basis for these patterns was investigated by examining the relationship between ganglioside levels, glycosyltransferase (GM2/GD2 synthase and GD3 synthase) activity, and corresponding mRNA levels in a panel of human neuroblastoma and melanoma cell lines. " 10/20/1995 - "Analysis of melanoma cells stably transfected with beta 1,4GalNAc transferase (GM2/GD2 synthase) cDNA: relative glycosyltransferase levels play a dominant role in determining ganglioside expression."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Messenger RNA (mRNA)
2.	RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase (Reverse Transcriptase)
3.	Gangliosides
4.	haematoside synthetase
5.	Prions
6.	Complementary DNA (cDNA)
7.	Glycosyltransferases
8.	Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase (Tyrosine Hydroxylase)
9.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)
10.	Transferases

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Radioimmunotherapy
3.	Bone Marrow Purging