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alanylalanine (Ala-Ala)

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RN given refers to (DL)-isomer

Also Known As:

Ala-Ala; D-Ala-D-Ala; H-Ala-Ala-OH; alanylalanine, (D)-isomer; alanylalanine, (D-Ala)-(L-Ala)-isomer; alanylalanine, (L)-isomer; alanylalanine, (L-Ala)-(D-Ala)-isomer; alanylalanine, (L-Ala)-(DL-Ala)-isomer

Networked: 112 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 9 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
- Peptides: 22950
  - Oligopeptides: 168
    - Dipeptides: 137
      - alanylalanine: 112

Experts

1.	Dai, Qiang-Sheng: 2 articles (01/2014 - 01/2014)
2.	Hua, Rui-Xi: 2 articles (01/2014 - 01/2014)
3.	Ahn, Sang-Gun: 2 articles (01/2012 - 09/2010)
4.	Yoon, Jung-Hoon: 2 articles (01/2012 - 09/2010)
5.	Mao, Chen: 2 articles (09/2010 - 07/2010)
6.	Zhan, Ping: 2 articles (09/2010 - 07/2010)
7.	Qiu, Li-Xin: 2 articles (09/2010 - 07/2010)
8.	Xue, Kai: 2 articles (09/2010 - 07/2010)
9.	Hunter, David J: 2 articles (03/2010 - 12/2008)
10.	Hu, Zhibin: 2 articles (11/2009 - 08/2007)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2014 - "Overall, significantly increased cancer risk was associated with the variant Ser133 when all studies were pooled (Ser vs Ala: OR=1.51, 95% CI=1.08- 2.12, Pheterogeneity≤0.001; Ser/Ser+Ala/Ser vs Ala/Ala: OR=1.55, 95% CI=1.08-2.22, Pheterogeneity ≤ 0.001). " 01/01/2014 - "In addition, in subgroup analyses by ethnicity, it was found that the RASSF1A Ala133Ser polymorphism was associated with overall cancer risk in Asians (Ser vs Ala: OR=1.37, 95% CI=1.06-1.77, Pheterogeneity=0.06) and Caucasians (Ser/Ser+Ala/Ser vs Ala/Ala: OR=2.21, 95% CI=1.01-4.82, Pheterogeneity≤0.001). " 01/01/2014 - "Overall, our results did not suggest significant associations between Ala variant (Ala/Ala or Ala/Val genotype) and cancer risk. " 01/01/2001 - "In the UFT(-) group, the amount of FH4 in Ala/Val-type cancer tissue was higher than that in Ala/Ala-type (1.50 +/- 1.13 versus 0.72 +/- 0.64, p < 0.05). " 01/01/2014 - "Moreover, in subgroup analyses by cancer types, a significant association between RASSF1A Ala133Ser polymorphism and lung cancer risk was found (Ser vs Ala: OR=2.27, 95% CI=1.29-4.02, Pheterogeneity=0.61; Ser/Ser+Ala/ Ser vs Ala/Ala: OR=2.42, 95% CI=1.33-4.42, Pheterogeneity=0.75). "
2.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 09/01/2010 - "Overall, no significant associations were found between MnSOD Val16Ala polymorphism and breast cancer risk when all studies pooled into the meta-analysis (Val/Ala vs. Val/Val: OR = 1.022, 95% CI = 0.981-1.064; Ala/Ala vs. Val/Val: OR = 1.006, 95% CI = 0.934-1.083; dominant model: OR = 1.013, 95% CI = 0.962-1.066; and recessive model: OR = 0.985, 95% CI = 0.931-1.042). " 11/01/2009 - "Compared with the MnSOD Val/Val genotype, the MnSOD Val/Ala or MnSOD Ala/Ala genotype was not significantly associated with the overall risk for breast cancer. " 02/01/2007 - "We observed that human MCF7 breast cancer cells that overexpress IGF1R efficiently internalized fluorescein-chelator-PNA-D(Cys-Ser-Lys-Cys) to the cytoplasm, but not with D(Cys-Ala-Ala-Cys). " 12/01/2005 - "As compared with Val/Val genotype, we found no association between MnSOD Ala/Val (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.79-1.21) and Ala/Ala (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.79-1.28) genotypes and breast cancer. " 01/01/2004 - "Breast cancer risk was slightly elevated in women with Ala/Ala genotype (odds ratio [OR] 1.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.7-2.3), particularly among premenopausal women (OR 1.8, 95% CI 0.9-3.7), as compared with those with Val/Val genotype. "
3.	Prostatic Neoplasms (Prostate Cancer) 12/01/2008 - "These results are consistent with findings from earlier studies that reported when antioxidant status is low, the MnSOD Ala/Ala genotype may be associated with an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer." 03/01/2009 - "Breast and prostate cancer risk was elevated in male and female patients with the Ala/Ala genotype compared to controls (p = 0.006, odds ratio = 2.5, 95% confidence interval 1.393-4.541). " 10/01/2008 - "These data suggest that Ala/Ala MnSOD genotype in the Macedonian population could have an influence on early onset of prostate cancer, but no impact on the subsequent development of the disease." 03/01/2007 - "It was observed that carrying the Ala/Ala genotype or the Ala allele resulted in an insignificant increase in the frequency of aggressive prostate cancer compared to nonaggressive prostate cancer. " 03/01/2007 - "The Ala/Ala genotype and the Ala allele were found at statistically higher frequencies in patients with prostate cancer as compared to controls (p < 0.05). "
4.	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms (Bladder Cancer) 02/15/2012 - "This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical value of photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) with intravesical and oral instillation of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) (ALA-PDD), and transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) guided by ALA-PDD (PDD-TURBT) for nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. " 10/01/2013 - "Overall, the MTHFR Ala222Val polymorphism was not associated with the development of bladder cancer in all genetic models (Ala/Ala vs. Val/Val--OR = 0.961, 95 % CI = 0.763-1.209; Ala/Ala vs. Ala/Val--OR = 0.918, 95 % CI = 0.795-1.060--Ala/Val vs. Val/Val--OR = 1.022, 95 % CI = 0.852-1.227; dominant model--OR = 0.998, 95 % CI = 0.869-1.145; recessive model--OR = 0.921, 95 % CI = 0.794-1.069; Ala allele vs. Val allele--OR = 0.957, 95 % CI = 0.857-1.067). " 09/01/2012 - "Additionally, patients carrying both Ala/Ala of MnSOD and Leu/Leu of GPX1 had the highest risk of developing bladder cancer. " 10/15/2013 - "Likewise, Ala499Val was also significantly associated with an increased overall cancer risk (Val/Val vs. Ala/Ala: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.07 - 1.36, p = 0.003 and recessive model: OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.08 - 1.34, p = 0.001) and further stratification showed an increased risk for breast and bladder cancer, particularly in Asian populations. " 06/01/2008 - "The results for Ala499Val showed a significant overall increase in cancer risk (OR 1.15; 95% CI: 1.02-1.31), and for bladder cancer in both the simple genetic model (Ala/Ala vs Val/Val) (OR 1.30; 95% CI: 1.04-1.61) and the recessive genetic model (Ala/Ala+Ala/Val vs Val/Val) (OR 1.32; 95% CI: 1.06-1.63). "
5.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis) 09/01/2000 - "Flow cytometric analyses demonstrated that five out of 11 carcinoma cell lines had a high degrading activity of Ala-Ala-Pro-Val site in more than half of the population. " 05/01/1984 - "Most cases of well-differentiated infiltrating carcinomas (14 of 17) and of poorly differentiated carcinomas (two of four) showed positive immunoreactivity for ALA; ALA was also localized in three cases of normal breast tissues, in two fibroadenomas, and in five intraductal carcinomas. " 12/01/1994 - "Initial studies revealed that two inhibitors of serine proteases, N-1-tosylamide-2-phenylethylchloromethyl ketone and carbobenzoxy-Ala-Ala-borophe (DK120), suppressed tumor necrosis factor or ultraviolet (UV) light-induced DNA fragmentation in the U937 histiocytic lymphoma as well as UV light-induced DNA fragmentation in the BT-20 breast carcinoma, HL-60 myelocytic leukemia, and 3T3 fibroblasts. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Estrogen Receptors
2.	valylvaline (Val-Val)
3.	1-phenyl-3,3-dimethyltriazene (PDT)
4.	Serine Proteases (Serine Protease)
5.	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor)
6.	carbobenzoxy- alanyl- alanyl- borophenylalanyl
7.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
8.	glutamyl-glutamic acid (Glu-Glu)
9.	glutamylalanine
10.	prolylvaline

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Photochemotherapy (Photodynamic Therapy)
2.	Semiconductor Lasers
3.	Cyclotrons