tungsten carbide (tungsten carbide (WC))

03/01/2017 - "A tungsten carbide drill bit serves as an effective and safe option in the treatment of osteopetrotic femoral neck fractures."

08/01/1998 - "This study supports the hypothesis that workers who manufacture hard metals have an increased mortality from lung cancer due to simultaneous exposure to cobalt and tungsten carbide."
08/01/1998 - "When the exposures during the last 10 years were ignored, a twofold lung cancer risk was observed among workers simultaneously exposed to cobalt and tungsten carbide (odds ratio (OR)=1.93, 95% CI 1.03-3.62) adjusted for other cobalt exposure (OR=2.21, 95% CI 0.99-4.90). "
08/01/2000 - "To study the mortality from lung cancer from exposures to hard metal dust at an industrial site producing hard metals--pseudoalloys of cobalt and tungsten carbide--and other metallurgical products many of which contain cobalt. "
08/01/1998 - "An industry-wide mortality study on the association between lung cancer and occupational exposure to cobalt and tungsten carbide was carried out in the French hard-metal industry. "
03/01/2003 - "Occupational exposure to hard metal dust, consisting of tungsten carbide (WC) and metallic cobalt particles (Co), is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, while no increased risk was observed in workers exposed to Co alone. "

12/01/1992 - "Lung biopsies in four cases in the study and necropsy in one of the 83 cases not studied during life showed giant cell interstitial pneumonia and appreciable concentrations of tungsten carbide. "
11/01/1971 - "Diffuse interstitial lung disease in tungsten carbide workers."
05/01/2016 - "Exposure to hard metal (tungsten carbide) dust is a rare cause of interstitial lung disease. "
12/01/2022 - "Giant cell interstitial pneumonia (GIP) is a distinctive and rare pneumoconiosis most frequently found in workers exposed to hard metals, primarily cobalt and tungsten carbide. "
01/01/2014 - "Hard metal lung disease is an occupational interstitial lung disease that primarily affects workers exposed to the dust of tungsten carbide. "

11/01/1978 - "An autopsy case of cemented tungsten carbide pneumoconiosis, the first lethal case in our country, is presented. "
11/01/1978 - "Cemented tungsten carbide pneumoconiosis."
09/16/1978 - "[Pneumoconiosis by exposure to tungsten carbide]."
08/01/1969 - "[Pneumoconiosis and tungsten carbide tool industry]."
11/01/1953 - "Pneumoconiosis in the tungsten-carbide tool industry; report of three cases."

03/01/1988 - "The patient was a grinder of tungsten-carbide drill bits who developed pneumonitis and subsequent fibrosis. "
01/01/1992 - "This study demonstrates that the acute lung toxicity of tungsten carbide-cobalt mixture is much higher than that of each individual component and may explain why lung fibrosis is rarely if ever induced by exposure to pure cobalt dust."
08/01/2008 - "The occupational exposure to cobalt/tungsten carbide (Co/WC) dusts causes asthma and interstitial fibrosis. "
01/01/1992 - "Alveolitis progressing to lung fibrosis has been reported in workers exposed to cobalt containing dust (e.g., tungsten carbide-cobalt mixture as produced by the hard metal industry) but rarely following exposure to pure cobalt dust (e.g., in cobalt-producing factories). "
08/01/2001 - "Inhalation of dust from hard metal (HM), a mixture of tungsten carbide, cobalt, and other metals, can cause interstitial alveolitis, fibrosis, and asthma in the workplace. "