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Muscle Spasticity (Spastic) Summary

Description: A form of muscle hypertonia associated with upper MOTOR NEURON DISEASE. Resistance to passive stretch of a spastic muscle results in minimal initial resistance (a "free interval") followed by an incremental increase in muscle tone. Tone increases in proportion to the velocity of stretch. Spasticity is usually accompanied by HYPERREFLEXIA and variable degrees of MUSCLE WEAKNESS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p54)

Also Known As: Spastic; Clasp Knife Spasticity; Spasticity, Clasp-Knife; Spasticity, Muscle; Clasp-Knife Spasticity

Networked: 2019 relevant articles (158 outcomes, 231 trials/studies) for this Disease

Key Drugs and Agents for Muscle Spasticity

Efficacy Chart >>
Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to treatments:
  1. Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum Toxin) : 23 outcomes 30 studies in 197 results : IBA
  2. Type A Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum A Toxin) : 15 outcomes 23 studies in 104 results : FDA 2
  3. Baclofen : 10 outcomes 10 studies in 112 results : FDA 31 Generic
  4. tizanidine (Zanaflex) : 8 outcomes 5 studies in 27 results : FDA 15 Generic
  5. Diltiazem (Cardizem) : 6 outcomes 1 study in 8 results : FDA 50 Generic
  6. Nifedipine (Adalat) : 5 outcomes 3 studies in 12 results : FDA 25 Generic
  7. abobotulinumtoxinA : 3 outcomes 4 studies in 12 results : FDA 2
  8. Dantrolene (Dantrium) : 3 outcomes 1 study in 13 results : FDA 5 Generic
  9. Nimodipine (Modus) : 3 outcomes in 6 results : FDA 4 Generic
  10. Ergonovine (Ergometrine) : 2 outcomes 3 studies in 32 results : IBA
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Diseases Related to Muscle Spasticity

  1. Cerebral Palsy (Spastic Diplegia)
  2. Stroke (Strokes)
  3. Pain (Aches)
  4. Paresis (Hemiparesis)
  5. Spasm (Spasms)
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Key Therapies for Muscle Spasticity

Efficacy Chart >>
  1. Injections : 12 outcomes 13 studies in 99 results
  2. Rhizotomy : 7 outcomes 6 studies in 47 results
  3. Tenotomy : 4 outcomes 3 studies in 23 results
  4. Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation (TENS) : 4 outcomes 3 studies in 12 results
  5. Arthrodesis : 4 outcomes 1 study in 26 results
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