Abstract |
To determine the effect of extending the duration of ammonia (2% dry matter basis) treatment from 1 to 5 wk on the toxicity of endophyte-infected tall fescue seed, 60 male Harlan Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the following six treatments during a 28-d trial: endophyte-free (E-), endophyte-infected (E+), 1 wk ammoniated endophyte-free (1AE-), 1 wk ammoniated endophyte-infected (1AE+), 5 wk ammoniated endophyte-free (5AE-), and 5 wk ammoniated endophyte-infected (5AE+) tall fescue seed. The concentration of total pyrrolizidine alkaloids (N-acetyl and N-formyl loline) of E+ fescue was reduced from 4203 micrograms/g to 3009 and 2533 micrograms/g by the 1AE+ and 5AE+ treatments, respectively. Ergovaline was lowered from 3.77 to 1.57 micrograms/g by 1AE+ and eliminated by 5AE+. Endophyte-infected treatment groups had depressed (P < 0.0001) daily feed intakes (DFI), daily weight gains (DWG), feed efficiencies (G/F), primary antibody responses, and T cell and B cell mitogenic responses than endophyte-free treatment groups. Ammoniation of endophyte-infected fescue seed improved DFI and DWG (P < 0.0001) and G/F (P < 0.05); however, there was no difference in performance criteria between the 1-wk and 5-wk ammoniation treatments. Endophyte-induced depressions in immune function were not alleviated by ammoniation.
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Authors | A Simeone, G A Boissonneault, L P Bush, G E Mitchell Jr |
Journal | Drug and chemical toxicology
(Drug Chem Toxicol)
Vol. 21
Issue 3
Pg. 387-404
(Aug 1998)
ISSN: 0148-0545 [Print] United States |
PMID | 9706468
(Publication Type: Comparative Study, Corrected and Republished Article, Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids
- Ammonia
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Topics |
- Acremonium
(pathogenicity)
- Ammonia
(pharmacology)
- Animals
- Antibody Formation
(drug effects)
- Body Weight
(drug effects)
- Lymphocyte Activation
(drug effects)
- Male
- Organ Size
(drug effects)
- Plant Poisoning
(prevention & control)
- Poaceae
(microbiology)
- Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids
(analysis)
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Seeds
(microbiology)
- Spleen
(drug effects, pathology)
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