| Abstract | Despite improved understanding of how bacterial meningitis develops, the infection remains a potentially life-threatening emergency capable of causing significant morbidity and mortality. Since the introduction and widespread use of H influenzae type b vaccine in infancy and childhood in North America, the epidemiology of community-acquired bacterial meningitis has changed. S pneumoniae is now the most common cause in children and adults overall, although N meningitidis causes most disease in patients between ages 2 and 18 years. Broad-spectrum cephalosporins (eg, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime) are considered the agents of choice for empirical treatment of bacterial meningitis. However, use of these agents will have to be reconsidered if the incidence of invasive infection from drug-resistant S pneumoniae continues to increase. The role of adjunctive corticosteroid therapy needs to be better defined. Improved conjugate pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccines may soon make bacterial meningitis a preventable disease. |
| Authors | E J Phillips, A E Simor
(Affiliation: Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Ontario, Canada. andrew.simor at sunnybrook.on.ca)
|
| Journal | Postgraduate medicine
(Postgrad Med)
Vol. 103
Issue 3
Pg. 102-117
(Mar 1998)
ISSN: 0032-5481 UNITED STATES |
| PMID | 9519033
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
|
| Chemical References |
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
|
| Topics |
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones
(therapeutic use)
- Adult
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
(therapeutic use)
- Child
- Community-Acquired Infections
- Drug Resistance, Microbial
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Humans
- Meningitis, Bacterial
(diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology)
- North America
(epidemiology)
|
