In this audit we tried to assess the effect of the detection of Helicobacter pylori on the change of outcome and symptoms of
peptic ulcer disease outside well defined prospective studies, and its influence on treatment praxis by general practitioners. The study was carried out in the canton of Uri, a geographically closed area of Switzerland. The records of all patients with
peptic ulcer disease diagnosed from 1991 to 1994 were evaluated retrospectively. In addition, the patients were followed by contact through their family doctors who were asked to fill out questionnaires on the immediate and long-term treatment of acute
peptic ulcer, H. pylori
therapy, recurrence of
ulcers in light of symptoms or endoscopy, and on any surgery performed for
ulcer disease. We found 453 patients with
peptic ulcer disease proven by endoscopy, 134 patients presented with signs of
ulcer bleeding, 45% of these had used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs previously. Only 9 of 453 patients required surgery. In 430 patients follow-up was possible (median of 18 months). H. pylori eradication was the primary treatment in 24% of the patients in 1991 and in 79% in 1994. Long-term prophylaxis with
histamine H2 antagonists had been selected in 22%. Recurrence of the
ulcer disease was seen in 157 patients during the follow-up period. The recurrence rate was 8% (3/39) in patients with documented H. pylori eradication, 43% (62/145) in patients with H. pylori eradication
therapy without documentation of the result, 57% (31/54) in H. pylori positive and 50% (14/28) in H. pylori negative patients on long-term treatment with
histamine H2 antagonists. 33% of the patients still had substantial
abdominal pain despite using long-term
histamine H2 antagonists as prophylaxis against recurrence, but this was the case in only 5% (2/39) after successful H. pylori eradication. The rate of successful
antibiotic treatment improved substantially during this audit. This follow-up study demonstrates that patients with successfully eradicated H. pylori remain largely free of symptoms and of
ulcer recurrence. Control of the eradication result seems to be necessary outside controlled studies. In contrast, symptoms and
ulcer recurrence are frequent despite long-term treatment with
histamine H2 antagonists. Few patients need surgery for
ulcer disease today. Audits like this are a valuable method to improve acceptance and success of a new treatment modality.