The purpose of this study was to determine if
Therapeutic Touch (TT) decreased
pain in elders with
degenerative arthritis, compared with routine treatment and
progressive muscle relaxation (PMR). Eighty-two noninstitutionalized subjects, age 55 or older, were randomly assigned to TT or PMR treatments. Subjects served as their own controls for 4 weeks and then received six treatments at 1-week intervals. Visual analogue scales (VAS) for
pain intensity and distress were used. Significant differences from baseline to postsixth treatment were found within groups. TT decreased
pain (t(46) = 7.60, p = < .001) and distress (
t(44) = 7.08, p = < .001). PMR decreased
pain (t(36) = 6.58, p = .005) and distress (t(36) = 6.90, p = < .001). Differences in effectiveness existed between the TT and PMR groups; the
pain and distress scores were lower in the PMR group. The differences approached significance for
pain, F(2, 76) = 2.8, p = .06, and were significant for distress, F(2, 75) = 5.6, p = .005.