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Mycobacterium tuberculosis versus nontuberculous mycobacterial infection of the lung in AIDS patients: CT and HRCT patterns.

AbstractPURPOSE:
The aim of this study was to determine discriminating CT and HRCT features between mycobacterial pulmonary tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTMB) pulmonary infections in patients with AIDS.
METHOD:
CT and HRCT scans of 52 AIDS patients with culture-proven mycobacterial infection [29 with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and 23 with NTMB] without concomitant pulmonary infection were reviewed by two observers.
RESULTS:
Nodular opacities, mainly centrilobular in distribution, were the most common finding, seen in 21 (72%) and 15 (65%) of patients with MTB and NTMB, respectively. A lower lobe predominance of centrilobular nodules was seen more commonly in NTMB (p < 0.03). Ground-glass attenuation was seen in 5 (17%) and 11 (48%) of patients with MTB and NTMB, respectively (p = 0.03). Ground-glass opacities and bronchial wall thickening affected a larger number of lobes in NTMB (p < 0.01), while centrilobular nodules involved more lobes in MTB (p < 0.01). A higher prevalence of unilateral lung involvement was seen in MTB (12 patients, 44%) than NTMB (1 patient, 5%) (p < 0.01). Enlarged lymph nodes were more frequent in patients with MTB than in those with NTMB (22, 76% vs. 10, 43%, respectively) (p < 0.02).
CONCLUSION:
NTMB infection and pulmonary tuberculosis display different CT and HRCT patterns in AIDS patients, but there is considerable overlap in CT findings.
AuthorsJ P Laissy, M Cadi, A Cinqualbre, Z E Boudiaf, S Lariven, E Casalino, M Wolff, E Schouman-Claeys
JournalJournal of computer assisted tomography (J Comput Assist Tomogr) 1997 Mar-Apr Vol. 21 Issue 2 Pg. 312-7 ISSN: 0363-8715 [Print] United States
PMID9071308 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
Topics
  • AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections (diagnostic imaging)
  • Adult
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung (diagnostic imaging)
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous (diagnostic imaging)
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed (methods)
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary (diagnostic imaging)

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