Neurochemical mechanisms in brain injury and treatment: a review.

Abstract

This article reviews cellular energy transformation processes and neurochemical events that take place at the time of brain injury and shortly thereafter emphasizing hypoxia-ischemia, cerebrovascular accident, and traumatic brain injury. New interpretations of established concepts, such as diffuse axonal injury, are discussed; specific events, such as free radical production, excess production of excitatory amino acids, and disruption of calcium homeostasis, are reviewed. Neurochemically-based interventions are also presented: calcium channel blockers, excitatory amino acid antagonists, free radical scavengers, and hypothermia treatment. Concluding remarks focus on the role of clinical neuropsychologists in validation of treatment interventions.

• Authors: T A Novack, M C Dillon, W T Jackson
• Journal: Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology (J Clin Exp Neuropsychol) Vol. 18 Issue 5 Pg. 685-706 (Oct 1996) ISSN: 1380-3395 [Print] England
• PMID: 8941854 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Review)

Topics

• Animals
• Brain Chemistry (drug effects, physiology)
• Brain Injuries (drug therapy, metabolism)
• Humans