Smear layer instability caused by hemostatic agents.

Abstract	The effect of hemostatic agents, other than a 15.5% Fe2(SO4)3 solution, on prepared tooth structure is unknown. The purpose of this study was to (1) compare the effect of six commonly used hemostatic solutions and two nondental astringents on the dentinal smear layer and (2) determine whether different responses caused by product and/or time could be established. Standardized dentinal smear layers were exposed to eight astringent solutions for 30, 120, and 300 seconds (n = 6). A total of 144 SEM photographs at x2400 magnification were ranked according to predetermined criteria for five categories of smear layer removal and etching of underlying tooth structure. There were significant differences (p < 0.001) caused by the solution, exposure time, and their interaction. Greatest smear layer removal was observed with 21.3% AlCl3-6 hydrate, 8% racemic epinephrine HCl, and 15.5% Fe2(SO4)3 solutions at longer exposures. These caused significantly more removal than did almost pH neutral tetrahydrozoline or oxymetazoline (p < 0.05).
Authors	M F Land, C C Couri, W M Johnston
Journal	The Journal of prosthetic dentistry (J Prosthet Dent) Vol. 76 Issue 5 Pg. 477-82 (Nov 1996) ISSN: 0022-3913 [Print] United States
PMID	8933436 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Aluminum Compounds Astringents Chlorides Ferric Compounds Hemostatics Imidazoles Aluminum Chloride ferric sulfate Oxymetazoline Racepinephrine tetrahydrozoline Epinephrine
Topics	Acid Etching, Dental Aluminum Chloride Aluminum Compounds (chemistry, pharmacology) Analysis of Variance Astringents (chemistry, pharmacology) Chlorides (chemistry, pharmacology) Dentin (drug effects, ultrastructure) Epinephrine (chemistry, pharmacology) Ferric Compounds (chemistry, pharmacology) Hemostatics (chemistry, pharmacology) Humans Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Imidazoles (chemistry, pharmacology) Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Oxymetazoline (chemistry, pharmacology) Racepinephrine Smear Layer Statistics, Nonparametric Surface Properties Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic (methods)

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