In order to induce experimental
steroid cataracts in rat eyes similar morphologically to those seen in human eyes,
prednisolone acetate was administered either topically or systemically for 12 months with a low dose of X-irradiation as a cocataractogenic factor. Twenty-seven Brown-Norway rats were randomly divided into a control group (group I) with no
steroid administration; an
eyedrop group (group II) with a daily 1%
prednisolone acetate instillation of a total volume of 1.0 mg/kg in both eyes, and a systemic group (group III) with a daily
intramuscular injection of 0.8-1.0 mg/kg
prednisolone acetate. The right eyes of animals in each group were X-irradiated with a single dose of 2 Gy. Topical and systemic
steroid administrations started 2 weeks after X-irradiation. Anterior segment changes were documented with a slitlamp microscope and an anterior eye segment analysis system once a month.
Body weight and
blood glucose levels were examined every week and every 2 weeks, respectively. The mortality rates in groups I, II and III were 0, 11 (1/9) and 25% (3/12), respectively. The both
lenses in group I showed a gradual increase in light-scattering intensity in the nuclear and supranuclear regions over time. Initial lens changes in both
steroid-treated groups were Y-
suture dissociation and a slight increase in light-scattering intensity in the posterior supranuclear region 3 months after
prednisolone administration. Opacification of the anterior shallow cortex and the posterior subcapsular layer was observed after 10 months. X-irradiated eyes showed more prominent lens opacification as compared with nonirradiated eyes after 10 months in both group II and group III. Either topical or systemic administrations of
prednisolone acetate over a long term successfully induced morphological lenticular changes in the rat similar to those found in human
steroid-induced
cataracts. A low dose of X-irradiation effectively accelerated opacification as a cocataractogenic risk. This new model will allow future investigation of
steroid cataracts.