Serum neutralizing antibody response and protection against experimentally induced liver abscesses in steers vaccinated with Fusobacterium necrophorum.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the efficacy of leukotoxin-based Fusobacterium necrophorum vaccines and dietary tylosin in providing protection against experimentally induced hepatic abscesses in steers.

DESIGN:

30 steers assigned randomly to 6 treatment groups of 5 steers each: 1, phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBSS; control); 2, PBSS control, fed tylosin (100 mg/steer) daily; 3, inactivated whole-cell culture with oil emulsion adjuvant; 4, culture supernatant (crude toxoid) with oil emulsion adjuvant; 5, semipurified leukotoxoid with oil emulsion adjuvant; and 6, semipurified leukotoxoid with saponin adjuvant.

PROCEDURE:

Steers were inoculated SC with emulsified antigen or PBSS on days 0 and 21. Blood samples were collected at weekly intervals to monitor serum antileukotoxin antibody titer. On day 42, all steers were challenge exposed intraportally with F necrophorum culture. Three weeks later (day 63), steers were euthanatized and necropsied to examine liver and assess protection.

RESULTS:

Antileukotoxin antibody titers of all vaccinated groups markedly increased from baseline values, and mean titers of vaccinated groups were higher than those of the control and tylosin-treated groups. Steers vaccinated with culture supernatant with oil emulsion adjuvant or semipurified leukotoxoid with saponin adjuvant had the highest mean antibody titers. All 5 steers in the control group developed liver abscesses. Tylosin feeding did not protect steers challenge exposed with F necrophorum intraportally.

CONCLUSIONS:

Culture supernatant was more protective than whole-cell culture or semipurified leukotoxin against experimentally induced hepatic abscesses. Partial purification of leukotoxin appeared to reduce its protective immunity.

• Authors: S Saginala, T G Nagaraja, Z L Tan, K F Lechtenberg, M M Chengappa, K E Kemp, P M Hine
• Journal: American journal of veterinary research (Am J Vet Res) Vol. 57 Issue 4 Pg. 483-8 (Apr 1996) ISSN: 0002-9645 [Print] United States
• PMID: 8712511 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Adjuvants, Immunologic
• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Antibodies, Bacterial
• Bacterial Toxins
• Bacterial Vaccines
• Exotoxins
• leukotoxin
• Tylosin

Topics

• Abscess (immunology, prevention & control, veterinary)
• Adjuvants, Immunologic
• Animal Feed
• Animals
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Antibodies, Bacterial (blood)
• Antibody Formation
• Bacterial Toxins (immunology)
• Bacterial Vaccines
• Cattle
• Cattle Diseases
• Exotoxins (immunology)
• Fusobacterium Infections (immunology, prevention & control, veterinary)
• Fusobacterium necrophorum
• Liver (drug effects, pathology)
• Liver Diseases (immunology, prevention & control, veterinary)
• Liver Function Tests
• Male
• Neutralization Tests
• Orchiectomy
• Tylosin (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Vaccination (veterinary)