Major histocompatibility complex class II DR alleles DRB1*1501 and those encoding HLA-DR13 are preferentially associated with a diminution in maternally transmitted human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection in different ethnic groups: determination by an automated sequence-based typing method.

Abstract	Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) from an infected women to her offspring during gestation and delivery was found to be influenced by the infant's major histocompatibility complex class II DRB1 alleles. Forty-six HIV-infected infants and 63 seroreverting infants, born with passively acquired anti-HIV antibodies but not becoming detectably infected, were typed by an automated nucleotide-sequence-based technique that uses low-resolution PCR to select either the simpler Taq or the more demanding T7 sequencing chemistry. One or more DR13 alleles, including DRB11301, 1302, and 1303, were found in 31.7% of seroreverting infants and 15.2% of those becoming HIV-infected [OR (odds ratio) = 2.6 (95% confidence interval 1.0-6.8); P = 0.048]. This association was influenced by ethnicity, being seen more strongly among the 80 Black and Hispanic children [OR = 4.3 (1.2-16.4); P = 0.023], with the most pronounced effect among Black infants where 7 of 24 seroreverters inherited these alleles with none among 12 HIV-infected infants (Haldane OR = 12.3; P = 0.037). The previously recognized association of DR13 alleles with some situations of long-term nonprogression of HIV suggests that similar mechanisms may regulate both the occurrence of infection and disease progression after infection. Upon examining for residual associations, only only the DR2 allele DRB11501 was associated with seroreversion in Caucasoid infants (OR = 24; P = 0.004). Among Caucasoids the DRB1*03011 allele was positively associated with the occurrence of HIV infection (P = 0.03).
Authors	R Winchester, Y Chen, S Rose, J Selby, W Borkowsky
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A) Vol. 92 Issue 26 Pg. 12374-8 (Dec 19 1995) ISSN: 0027-8424 [Print] United States
PMID	8618904 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
Chemical References	Codon DNA Primers HLA-DR Antigens HLA-DR Serological Subtypes HLA-DR13 antigen HLA-DRB1 Chains Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
Topics	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (epidemiology, immunology, transmission) Alleles Automation Base Sequence Black People (genetics) Codon Confidence Intervals DNA Primers Ethnicity (genetics) Female Genes, MHC Class II HIV-1 HLA-DR Antigens (genetics) HLA-DR Serological Subtypes HLA-DRB1 Chains Hispanic or Latino (genetics) Histocompatibility Testing Humans Infant, Newborn Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical (statistics & numerical data) Molecular Sequence Data Oligodeoxyribonucleotides Polymerase Chain Reaction (methods) Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications, Infectious (immunology) White People (genetics)

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