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PreS1 antigen/antibody patterns following interferon therapy in acute and chronic hepatitis B.

Abstract
The relation between preS1 antigen/antibody system and different phases of hepatitis B virus infection were studied in 425 serum samples from 50 hepatitis B patients before, during and after antiviral therapy using interferon alone or in combination with corticosteroid withdrawal. A typical profile of self-limited acute hepatitis B was characterized by hepatitis B virus-DNA clearance using polymerase chain reaction and preS antigens using monoclonal radioimmunoassays and by antibody responses to the middle and the large HBs proteins (gp33/gp36 and p39/gp42) using immunoblotting quantitative analysis. After interferon therapy in patients with protracted hepatitis B, complete eradication of the virus was observed in 70% of patients, and antibody response directed to middle HBs and large HBs proteins could be induced. Conversely, this antibody response was never detected in follow-up studies of chronic active hepatitis B patients who responded well to antiviral therapy and lost HBs, preS2 and preS1 antigens. Most interesting, in 50% of patients with HBeAg-positive chronic active hepatitis B who received combination therapy and in 67% of patients with anti-HBe-positive chronic active hepatitis B given interferon alone, the elevated serum preS1Ag/HBsAg ratio persisted after treatment was discontinued and even increased until the end of the follow-up when hepatitis B virus DNA was undetectable in serum by the conventional hybridization technique. This rebound of preS1 antigen expression following antiviral therapy in patients with chronic active hepatitis B may indicate virus persistence, suggesting the possibility of relapse through wild-type hepatitis B virus or the emergence of hepatitis B virus mutants.
AuthorsM A Petit, F Zoulim, P Berthillon, F Capel, J Li, C Dauguet, C Ferrari, C Trépo
JournalJournal of hepatology (J Hepatol) Vol. 20 Issue 1 Pg. 47-56 (Jan 1994) ISSN: 0168-8278 [Print] Netherlands
PMID8201222 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Hepatitis B Antibodies
  • Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
  • Interferon alpha-2
  • Interferon-alpha
  • Protein Precursors
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Viral Envelope Proteins
  • presurface protein 1, hepatitis B surface antigen
  • Prednisone
Topics
  • Hepatitis B (microbiology, therapy)
  • Hepatitis B Antibodies (immunology)
  • Hepatitis B Surface Antigens (immunology)
  • Hepatitis, Chronic (microbiology, therapy)
  • Humans
  • Immunoblotting
  • Interferon alpha-2
  • Interferon-alpha (therapeutic use)
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Prednisone (therapeutic use)
  • Protein Precursors (immunology)
  • Radioimmunoassay
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Viral Envelope Proteins (immunology)

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