Abstract |
To evaluate the possible role of cytokines in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated muscular disorders, we performed immunocytochemistry for interleukin-1 alpha, -1 beta, and -6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on frozen muscle biopsy specimens from HIV-infected patients with various myopathies (HIV polymyositis in 5, HIV-wasting syndrome in 5, zidovudine myopathy in 10) and from seronegative individuals (normal muscle in 2, mitochondrial cytopathies in 10). The HIV-infected patients showed positive reactivities in vessels (interleukin-1) and in inflammatory cells (mainly interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha), including perivascular hemosiderin-laden macrophages in 5 patients. In zidovudine myopathy, a majority of AZT fibers (i.e., ragged-red fibers with marked myofibrillar changes) showed mild to marked expression of interleukin-1. Expression of interleukin-1 in the other mitochondrial myopathies was much weaker. Interleukin-1 beta messenger RNA was demonstrated in muscle fibers by in situ hybridization, implying that interleukin-1 was produced in muscle cells. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that interleukin-1 alpha was mainly bound to mitochondrial membranes in AZT fibers. Proinflammatory and destructive effects of the studied cytokines might be responsible for several myopathological changes observed in HIV-infected patients, including inflammation and hemosiderin deposits in muscle tissue, and prominent myofibrillar breakdown in AZT fibers.
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Authors | R K Gherardi, A Florea-Strat, G Fromont, F Poron, J C Sabourin, J Authier |
Journal | Annals of neurology
(Ann Neurol)
Vol. 36
Issue 5
Pg. 752-8
(Nov 1994)
ISSN: 0364-5134 [Print] United States |
PMID | 7979221
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
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Topics |
- HIV Infections
(drug therapy, immunology)
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Interleukin-1
(biosynthesis)
- MERRF Syndrome
(immunology)
- Microscopy, Immunoelectron
- Mitochondrial Myopathies
(chemically induced, immunology)
- Muscles
(immunology)
- Zidovudine
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
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