We previously demonstrated the occurrence of cellular swelling during
cerebral ischemia in vivo using microdialysis. 14C-Sucrose was pre-perfused into the extracellular space (ECS) as an ECS marker, and cellular swelling was detected as an increase in extracellular concentration of 14C-sucrose. In the present study, we examined in rats the time courses of the increase in FFA in relation to the occurrence of cellular swelling, and the role of
excitatory amino acids (EAAs) in these events. A pair of microdialysis probes were placed in the hippocampus bilaterally. One probe was perfused with modified
Ringer solution containing
kynurenic acid (KYN, 10 mM), a broad-spectrum EAA antagonist, and the other with
Ringer solution as a control. At 30 minutes after the initiation of perfusion,
ischemia was induced by
decapitation. The brain was subjected to microwave irradiation at 0-8 minutes after
decapitation, and the FFA levels in the dorsal hippocampus were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. The time course of cellular swelling was determined in a separate group of animals using the previously described method. It was found that arachidonic and
stearic acids began to demonstrate a rapid increase during the period from 1 to 2 minutes following
ischemia induction. The levels of oleic and
palmitic acids demonstrated similar but less marked increase. The rate of increase became less rapid after 4 minutes, suggesting a transient rapid increase superimposed on a background slow increase. The rapid increase roughly corresponded in timing to the occurrence of the early cellular swelling.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)