Enzyme replacement therapy is highly effective for patients with
Type 1 Gaucher disease. In order to estimate the quantity of
enzyme that would be necessary for clinical benefit, we conducted a single-infusion, dose-response study in nonsplenectomized patients with
Gaucher disease. Biochemical and histologic changes were compared in liver biopsy specimens obtained before and 44 h following the infusion of varying quantities of
enzyme. Based on the information obtained from this investigation, patients in our initial clinical efficacy trial were given 60 IU of macrophage-targeted
glucocerebrosidase/kg body wt every other week. All patients had significant improvement of their
anemia and reduction of
splenomegaly after 6 months of treatment. In a subsequent investigation, 10 moderately symptomatic patients with intact spleens were given 10 IU of
glucocerebrosidase/kg body wt every other week. After 6 months of treatment, only a portion of these patients had beneficial responses. We concluded that the rate and extent of response to
enzyme replacement therapy in patients with
Gaucher disease are dependent upon the quantity of
enzyme administered. When treatment is initiated in patients with mild to moderately severe disease, a lower dose of
enzyme can be selected. Moreover, the maintenance dose of
glucocerebrosidase has been shown to be much less than the amount initially required to reduce the accumulated
lipid. Some patients require
enzyme infusions on only a monthly basis, require
enzyme infusions on only a monthly basis, and it is possible that even this frequency may eventually be reduced. These refinements in treatment strategy merit serious consideration for the long-term management of patients with
Gaucher disease.