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Prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma in adults with heterozygous alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and to assess the presence of possible co-risk factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Two hundred and forty patients with cirrhosis of different aetiologies and 130 patients with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency without evidence of chronic liver disease were investigated. Out of the 240 patients with cirrhosis, 61 patients (25%) were found to have alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, 36 patients (15%) had chronic hepatitis C infection, 50 (21%) had chronic hepatitis B and 24 (10%) had hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection. Thirty patients (12%) had cryptogenic cirrhosis and 39 (16%) alcoholic cirrhosis. The prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency-associated cirrhosis was comparable to that of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis of other aetiologies. Positive viral markers were found in 67% of the patients with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency-associated cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma. In contrast, in the group of 130 patients with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency but without clinical and laboratory signs of chronic liver disease, none was found to have hepatocellular carcinoma (p = 0.001). Our results indicate that heterozygous alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency-associated cirrhosis is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma, but this is due to chronic liver disease and not due to the metabolic disorder itself.
AuthorsT Propst, A Propst, O Dietze, G Judmaier, H Braunsteiner, W Vogel
JournalJournal of hepatology (J Hepatol) Vol. 21 Issue 6 Pg. 1006-11 (Dec 1994) ISSN: 0168-8278 [Print] Netherlands
PMID7699220 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Topics
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular (epidemiology, etiology)
  • Chronic Disease
  • Female
  • Hepatitis B (complications)
  • Hepatitis C (complications)
  • Humans
  • Liver Cirrhosis (complications, virology)
  • Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic (complications)
  • Liver Diseases (etiology)
  • Liver Neoplasms (epidemiology, etiology)
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency

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