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Mucosal injury and inflammation in a model of chronic granulomatous colitis in rats.

AbstractBACKGROUND:
The objective of this study was to characterize the acute and chronic inflammation induced by the intramural injection of peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (PG-PS) into the distal colon of genetically susceptible rats.
METHODS:
Blood-to-lumen clearance of 51Cr-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, colonic myeloperoxidase activity, colon weight, and plasma nitrite and nitrate levels were determined to quantitate colonic mucosal injury, inflammation, and nitric oxide (NO) production, respectively.
RESULTS:
Intramural injection of PG-PS into the distal colon produced a local biphasic inflammatory response composed of an acute episode 3 days after injection; this was followed by a spontaneous reactivation of chronic granulomatous colitis manifested by colonic thickening, adhesions, and infiltration of the submucosa and muscularis propria with macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes at 3-4 weeks. Mucosal ulcers were evident only at 3 weeks, but hepatic nodules, splenic necrosis, and arthritis were evident at both 3 and 4 weeks after PG-PS injection. PG-PS produced significant increases in colonic mucosal permeability, myeloperoxidase activity, and plasma nitrite and nitrate levels at 3 weeks postinjection compared with controls. PG-PS stimulated the production of nitrite by elicited peritoneal macrophages and neutrophils in vitro.
CONCLUSIONS:
PG-PS produces a chronic granulomatous colitis in rats; this colitis is characterized by enhanced NO production.
AuthorsT Yamada, R B Sartor, S Marshall, R D Specian, M B Grisham
JournalGastroenterology (Gastroenterology) Vol. 104 Issue 3 Pg. 759-71 (Mar 1993) ISSN: 0016-5085 [Print] United States
PMID7680014 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
Chemical References
  • Peptidoglycan
  • Peroxidase
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase
  • Amino Acid Oxidoreductases
Topics
  • Amino Acid Oxidoreductases (biosynthesis)
  • Animals
  • Chronic Disease
  • Colitis (chemically induced, metabolism, pathology)
  • Crohn Disease (etiology)
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Enzyme Induction
  • Female
  • Granuloma (chemically induced, metabolism, pathology)
  • Intestinal Mucosa (metabolism, pathology)
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase
  • Peptidoglycan
  • Peroxidase (metabolism)
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred Lew
  • Streptococcus pyogenes

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