Abstract | BACKGROUND: Although many whole-cell vaccines have been effective in preventing pertussis, these vaccines are difficult to standardize and can produce side effects. In Sweden, pertussis became endemic during the 1970s despite vaccination. Because of its limited efficacy, the Swedish-made whole-cell vaccine was withdrawn in 1979. METHODS: RESULTS: There were no serious reactions. With the pertussis vaccine there were slightly more local reactions than with the DT toxoids alone, but the rates of postvaccination fever were the same. The main period of surveillance, which began 30 days after the third vaccination, continued for a median of 17.5 months. There were 312 cases of pertussis (72 in the DTP- toxoids group and 240 in the DT- toxoids group) that met the clinical criterion (paroxysmal cough lasting > or = 21 days) and laboratory criteria for pertussis as defined by the World Health Organization. The efficacy of this acellular vaccine was 71 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 63 to 78 percent). The recipients of DTP toxoids who had pertussis had cough of shorter duration than the recipients of DT toxoids, and fewer had whooping and vomiting. The vaccine efficacy after two doses was 55 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 12 to 78 percent), on the basis of 14 cases in the DTP- toxoids group and 31 in the DT- toxoids group that met the definition of the World Health Organization. CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | B Trollfors, J Taranger, T Lagergård, L Lind, V Sundh, G Zackrisson, C U Lowe, W Blackwelder, J B Robbins |
Journal | The New England journal of medicine
(N Engl J Med)
Vol. 333
Issue 16
Pg. 1045-50
(Oct 19 1995)
ISSN: 0028-4793 [Print] United States |
PMID | 7675047
(Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
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Chemical References |
- Diphtheria Toxoid
- Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine
- Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine
- Pertussis Vaccine
- Tetanus Toxoid
- Vaccines, Combined
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Topics |
- Diphtheria Toxoid
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine
- Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Infant
- Male
- Pertussis Vaccine
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Sweden
(epidemiology)
- Tetanus Toxoid
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Vaccines, Combined
(adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Whooping Cough
(diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention & control)
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